氧化石墨烯强化铜绿假单胞菌降解污染土壤多环芳烃的效果及其机制研究  

Effect of GO on enhancing the degradation of PAHs by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in contaminated soil and its mechanism

作　　者：孙剑平[1] 孙晶超 孙梨宗[2] 薛晨阳 台培东[2] SUN Jianping;SUN Jingchao;SUN Lizong;XUE Chenyang;TAI Peidong(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang Liaoning 110168;Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang Liaoning 110016)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]中国科学院污染生态与环境工程重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第4期433-442,共10页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFC1800703);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41877146)。

摘　　要：微生物修复技术具有经济绿色、环境友好等特征,已成为多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤的主要修复手段之一。然而,针对经历长期老化的污染场地土壤,微生物修复效率偏低,生物强化技术亟待进一步提高。以PAHs高效降解菌铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PAE)为对象,研究了新型碳质纳米材料氧化石墨烯(GO)对PAE生长和PAHs降解的影响,探讨了GO强化PAE降解土壤PAHs的效果及其机制。结果显示:(1)50~100 mg/L GO可以显著促进PAE的生长和胞外聚合物(EPS)的分泌。(2)PAE及GO(100 mg/kg)的添加显著促进了老化土壤中PAHs的降解。(3)GO添加前期,土著微生物群落丰度下降,PAE丰度显著增加;处理后期,土壤细菌群落丰度恢复至对照组水平。适宜浓度GO的添加可以影响土壤微生物的多样性和丰度,促进PAHs的降解,然而,修复后期GO的影响力下降,土壤微生物群落呈现出“扰动—恢复”模式。研究结果有助于深入理解GO对环境微生物的效应,为PAHs污染土壤的微生物修复提供新思路。Microbial remediation technology has become one of the main remediation methods of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)contaminated soil due to its characteristics of reasonable price and environmental friendliness.However,it needs to be further improved because microbial remediation in soil that experience long-term aging is less efficient.Taking Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE),the PAHs degrading bacteria,as the research object,this study systematically investigated the effects of graphene oxide(GO),a new carbon nanomaterial,on the growth of PAE and the degradation of PAHs,as well as the effectiveness and mechanism of GO-enhanced PAE degradation of soil PAHs.The results showed that:(1)50-100 mg/L GO could significantly promote the growth of PAE and the secretion of extracellular polymers(EPS);(2)the degradation of PAHs in aged soil noticeably increased due to the addition of PAE and GO(100 mg/kg);(3)in the early stage of GO addition,the abundance of PAE increased manifestly while the indigenous microbial communities decreased.After treatment,the abundance of soil bacterial community returned to the level of control group.The outcome revealed that the appropriate concentration of GO could not only affect the diversity and abundance of soil microorganisms,but also facilitate the decomposition of PAHs.However,these affections decreased at the later stage of restoration,thus the soil microbial community showed a“perturbation-recovery”pattern.This study is helpful to understand the role of GO on environmental microorganisms and has provided a deeper insight for enhanced microbial remediation of PAHs contaminated soil.

关 键 词：氧化石墨烯 铜绿假单胞菌 生物强化 多环芳烃 污染土壤修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172