通信基站电磁辐射安全防护距离的理论计算及应用  

Theoretical calculation and application on electromagnetic radiation safety protection distance of communication base station

作　　者：李刚 李盛富[1] 王磊 李鹏飞[1] 乔浩 LI Gang;LI Shengfu;WANG Lei;LI Pengfei;QIAO Hao(No.216 Geological Party of China National Nuclear Corporation,Urumqi Xinjiang 830011;Urumqi Branch of China Mobile Communications Group Xinjiang Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi Xinjiang 830063)

机构地区：[1]核工业二一六大队,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国移动新疆有限公司乌鲁木齐市分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第4期549-553,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：新疆移动网络部应用研究项目(No.20181511)。

摘　　要：为明确第五代通信(5G)基站在运营期产生的电磁辐射水平,依据《辐射环境保护管理导则电磁辐射监测仪器和方法》(HJ/T 10.2—1996)计算5G基站电磁辐射的安全防护距离,并与实际监测数据进行对比。根据理论计算,5G基站安全防护直线距离约41.1 m,垂直防护距离约6.5 m。实际监测结果显示,在垂直距离不变的条件下,5G基站电磁辐射强度随水平距离的增加呈现先增大至峰值后不断减小的趋势,水平距离约40.0 m处达最大值;水平距离相同的情况下,电磁辐射强度随垂直距离的增加而逐渐衰减,且电磁辐射强度高值区附近衰减幅度更大。5G基站电磁辐射强度实测值低于理论计算值,其运行时的电磁辐射强度超标范围小于理论计算结果,造成的电磁辐射对环境影响较小。In order to determine the electromagnetic radiation level generated by fifth generation mobile networks(5G)base station during the operation period,the safety protection distance of 5G base station electromagnetic radiation was calculated according to the methods of“Guidline on management of radioactive environmental protection electromagnetic radiation monitoring instruments and methods”(HJ/T 10.2-1996),and the calculating data was compared with actual monitoring data.According to theoretical calculations,the protection distance of the 5G base station was about 41.1 m,and the vertical protection distance was about 6.5 m.The actual monitoring results showed that under the condition of constant vertical distance,the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the 5G base station increased to a peak value at first then decreases with the increase of horizontal distance,reaching a maximum value at horizontal distance of about 40.0 m.When the horizontal distance was fixed,the electromagnetic radiation intensity was gradually attenuates with the increase of vertical distance,and the attenuation amplitude was greater near the high value area of electromagnetic radiation intensity.The measured value of electromagnetic radiation intensity of the 5G base station was lower than theoretical calculation value,and the exceeding range of the electromagnetic radiation intensity was smaller than the theoretical calculation result,resulting in a small impact of electromagnetic radiation on the environment.

关 键 词：5G基站 安全防护距离 电磁辐射 环境影响 辐射防护 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统] X591[电子电信—信息与通信工程]