星花玉兰对不同通气性基质的形态生理响应特征  

Morphological and Physiological Responses of Yulania stellata to Substrate Ventilation

作　　者：潘莲莲 郭陈冰 叶康 王红兵[1] PAN Lianlian;GUO Chenbing;YE Kang;WANG Hongbing(College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 201418;Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命科学学院,上海201418 [2]上海辰山植物园,上海201602

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第6期54-61,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：上海市科技计划资助项目(21DZ1202003);上海市绿化和市容管理局科学技术资助项目(G212409);上海市园林工程有限公司科研资助项目(FG201900188)。

摘　　要：以一种优良的观花小乔木星花玉兰(Yulania stellata)为试材,选择人造有机团粒、石块为主要土壤改良材料,采用控制性栽培试验,研究了不同土壤通气性条件下星花玉兰的形态和生理指标,首次把开花品质列入主要的研究指标之一,以期明确土壤环境透气性导致的木兰科肉质根植物的生理响应机理。结果表明:土壤通气性显著影响星花玉兰的形态、开花品质和生理指标,表现出通气性增加显著提高了叶片全氮及花瓣含水量。含人造有机团粒50%的处理通气孔隙为29.37%,含石块10%的处理通气孔隙为20.01%,前者比后者的叶片全氮含量增加了133.60%,花瓣含水量增加了6.73%,花径增加了0.07%,单瓣宽度显著增加了0.12%(F=6.754,P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低了91.76%。SOD活性与基质通气性呈显著负相关(F=5.638,P<0.05)。该研究揭示了星花玉兰对不同基质通气性的生理生态响应规律。Yulania stellata,a fine flowering young arbor tree,was used as the test material,and artificial blocks and stones were selected as the main substrate materials.The morphological and physiological indexes of Y.stellata under different soil aeration conditions were studied by controlled cultivation experiment.Flowering quality was first taken as one of the main research indicators,in order to clarify the physiological response mechanism of the fleshy root plants of Magnoliaceae caused by soil environmental permeability.The results showed that substrate ventilation significantly affected the morphology,flowering quality and physiological indexes of Y.stellata,showed that the increase of aeration porosity significantly increased the total nitrogen content of leaves and the water content of petals.The aeration porosity of the treatment containing 50%artificial blocks was 29.37%,and the aeration porosity of the treatment containing 10%stones was 20.01%.Compared with the latter,the former increased the total nitrogen content of leaves by 133.60%,the water content of petals by 6.73%,the flower diameter increased by 0.07%,the width of single petals significantly increased by 0.12%(F=6.754,P<0.05),and decreased the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity by 91.76%which was significantly negatively correlated with substrate ventilation(F=5.638,P<0.05).This study revealed the physiological and ecological response of Y.stellata to different substrate ventilation.

关 键 词：星花玉兰 人造有机团粒 开花品质 生理学特征 通气性 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]