基于传统分离和高通量测序的健康和患锈腐病西洋参根际土壤微生物群落分析  

Analysis of microbial communities of healthy and rusty root-rot Panax quinquefolium L.rhizosphere soil using traditional isolation and high-throughput sequencing

作　　者：李玲玉 黄璐琦[3] 李政 王晓 刘伟[1] 张华敏[4] 马春霞 LI Lingyu;HUANG Luqi;LI Zheng;WANG Xiao;LIU Wei;ZHANG Huamin;MA Chunxia(Shandong Analysis and Test Center,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250014,China;Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes,College of Food Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai′an 271018,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,Mobile Post-Doctoral Stations,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,Mobile Post-Doctoral Stations,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Postdoctoral Management Office of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Mobile Post-Doctoral Stations,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Shandong Academy for Environmental Planning,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)山东省分析测试中心,山东济南250014 [2]山东农业大学食品科学与工程学院、山东省高校食品加工技术与质量控制重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]中国中医科学院、中药资源中心道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [4]中国中医科学院、中药研究所,北京100700 [5]中国中医科学院、博士后流动站、中国中医科学院博士后管理办公室,北京100700 [6]山东省生态环境规划研究院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《山东科学》2023年第2期41-49,75,共10页Shandong Science

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)。

摘　　要：探究健康和患锈腐病西洋参根际土壤微生物的群落多样性和可培养菌株分离,以期为西洋参锈腐病发生机制及防控提供参考。利用传统分离技术和高通量测序技术分析健康和患锈腐病西洋参的根际土壤,探究其微生物的群落组成及多样性变化。经由传统分离技术合计得到24株细菌和25株真菌,优势菌属包括假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和青霉菌属(Penicillium)。高通量测序结果显示,健康和锈腐病土壤中细菌群落均以蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)和变形门(Proteobacteria)为主;患锈腐病组有所降低的为蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、软壁菌门(Tenericutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),大幅上调的为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)。健康和锈腐病土壤内所含的真菌群落以子囊菌门(Ascomycota)为主,被锈腐病感染后有所上调的为担子菌亚门(Basidiomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)与被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)。感染锈腐病根际土壤细菌多样性明显减少。研究表明健康和锈腐病土壤微生物群落组成与数量明显不同,为西洋参锈腐病的发病机制及防控技术提供了理论依据。To investigate the diversity of microbial communities and to obtain culturable strains from healthy and rusty root-rot rhizosphere soil samples of Panax quinquefolius L.,it is necessary to provide a reference for the occurrence mechanism and prevention and control strategies for rusty root-rot.Traditional isolation and high-throughput sequencing were used for analyzing the healthy and rusty root-rot soil samples of Panax quinquefolius L.to explore their structural composition and diversity.In total,24 strains of bacteria and 25 strains of fungi were isolated using the traditional isolation techniques,and the dominant genera were Pseudomonas,Bacillus,and Penicillium.The results of Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing revealed that Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria dominated the bacterial communities in the healthy and rusty root-rot soil samples.Notably,the phylum proportions of Cyanobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Tenericutes in the rusty root-rot soil samples significantly decreased,whereas those of Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,and Acidobacteria significantly increased.Furthermore,the bacterial diversity of the infected rusty root-rot rhizosphere soil decreased significantly.In conclusion,the composition and quantity of soil microbial communities were significantly different between the healthy and rusty root-rot soil samples,and this provides a theoretical basis for the study of the occurrence mechanism and prevention and control strategies for rusty root-rot Panax quinquefolium L.

关 键 词：西洋参 根际土壤 细菌和真菌 锈腐病 高通量测序 传统分离方法 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]