基本公共服务供给如何影响中国居民消费?——基于机会不平等视角  

How Does the Supply of Basic Public Services Affect Consumption in China:Based on an Inequality of Opportunity Perspective

作　　者：韦韡[1] 蔡运坤 陈晓璇 WEI Wei;CAI Yun-kun;CHEN Xiao-xuan(School of Economics,Guangxi University of Nationalities)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学经济学院

出　　处：《消费经济》2023年第1期33-45,共13页Consumer Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(17BJL104);广西高等学校千名中青年骨干教师培育计划人文社会科学类立项课题(2021QGRW029);广西民族大学研究生教育创新计划项目(GXUN-CHXS2021091)。

摘　　要：文章基于Roemer的机会平等理论,通过匹配省级宏观与2014-2018年三轮中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,运用固定效应模型检验了基本公共服务供给对居民消费的影响。研究发现,总体上,基本公共服务供给显著促进了居民消费增长,且该结论经过工具变量法与一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。机制分析表明,基本公共服务供给促成了一个平等的机会,不仅可以缓解由“环境”导致的机会不平等,也可以改善由“环境”造成的“努力”不平等的“偏环境问题”,进而促进居民消费增长,这意味着提升基本公共服务供给将有效地促使发展成果共享机会均等。异质性分析表明,在农村、低收入、女性、低养老负担、低人力资本与父亲受教育水平低的家庭中,基本公共服务供给对居民消费的影响更加显著。研究结论涵义在于,实现基本公共服务均等化,共享社会发展成果,促进机会均等,有助于激发居民消费,为新发展格局背景下畅通国内循环提供内生动力。In the article,based on Roemer’s equal opp ortunity theory,the impact of basic public service provision on residents’consumption is tested using a fixed effects model by matching provincial macro and three rounds of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)data from 2014 to 2018.It is found that,the basic public service provision significantly promotes the growth of residents’consumption in general,and the finding remains robust after the instrumental variables approach with a series of robustness tests.The mechanism analysis shows that the provision of basic public services contributes to an equal opportunity,not only to alleviate the inequality of opportunity caused by the"circumstance",but also to improve the"partial circumstance problem"of inequality of"effort"caused by the"circumstance",thus promoting the growth of consumption.This implies that enhancing basic public service provision will effectively lead to equal opportunities for sharing the fruits of development,and the impact of basic public service provision on residents’consumption is more significant in rural,low-income,female,low old-age burden,low human capital and low father’s education households.The implication of the study findings is that achieving equalization of basic public services,sharing the fruits of social development,and promoting equal opportunities can help stimulate residents’consumption and provide endogenous impetus for smooth domestic circulation in the context of the new development pattern.

关 键 词：基本公共服务供给 机会不平等 居民消费 机会平等理论 

分 类 号：F063.2[经济管理—政治经济学]