磷酸掺杂聚苯并咪唑类高温质子交换膜研究进展  

Phosphoric Acid Doped Polybenzimidazole for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell:A Review

作　　者：郑博文 姬峰 邓呈维 赵建伟[1] 王东[1] ZHENG Bo-wen;JI Feng;DENG Cheng-wei;ZHAO Jian-wei;WANG Dong(Shanghai Institution of Space Power-Sources,State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海空间电源研究所,空间电源技术国家重点实验室,上海201100

出　　处：《高分子通报》2023年第4期430-445,共16页Polymer Bulletin

摘　　要：高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFCs)因耐CO能力强,可用重整气直接进料,水热管理简单等,可有效解决氢源问题,助力双碳目标的实现。作为HT-PEMFCs的核心部件,高温质子交换膜(HT-PEM)近些年来备受关注,特别是最具应用前景的磷酸掺杂聚苯并咪唑(PA-PBI)电解质膜。本文综述了PA-PBI电解质膜的种类、制备工艺、质子传输机制以及性能、寿命方面的研究进展;着重总结了PA-PBI电解质膜在性能、寿命方面面临的挑战如高质子电导率与高机械性能的矛盾、成膜性差、磷酸流失过快、机械稳定性与抗氧化稳定性差等;重点探讨了提升PA-PBI电解质膜的手段如分子结构改性、接枝、交联、有机无机复合掺杂等;展望了PA-PBI电解质膜的未来发展方向。High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells(HT-PEMFCs), can be directly fed with reformed gas therefore simplify the hydro-thermal management, due to their strong CO resistance, which can effectively solve the problem of hydrogen source and help achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. As the core component of HT-PEMFCs, high temperature proton exchange membrane(HT-PEM) has attracted much attention in recent years, especially for the most promising phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole(PA-PBI) electrolyte membrane. PA-PBI has many advantages, such as high mechannical/thermal/chemical stability and anhydrous proton conductivity. However, these advantages are not outstanding enough and there are still many shortcomings of traditional PA-PBI: In terms of membrane performance and operating life time, the contradiction between high proton conductivity and high mechanical properties, easily damaged by thermal stress during operating and excessive phosphoric acid loss of PA-PBI, etc. restrict the the full-scale application of traditional PA-PBI in HT-PEMFCs. Other defects like poor film-forming properties would influence the fabrication of PA-PBI membrane. This review article is aimed to summarize some research progresses on PA-PBI, including the synthesis of PBI molecular, preparation process of PA-PBI membrane, proton transport mechanism and the the methods for improving the performance and operating life time of PA-PBI membranes such as molecular structure modification, grafting, cross-linking, and organic-inorganic composite doping are mainly discussed and prospect the future development of PA-PBI electrolyte membrane. Although the commercial application of PA-PBI in HT-PEMFCs is still a long way off, scientists are gradually narrowing this distance, especially in terms of balancing proton conductivity, mechanical properties and operating lifetime of PA-PBI for the best application point. At the same time, the research on how to increase the operating temperature of PA-PBI to further enhanc

关 键 词：聚苯并咪唑 高温质子交换膜燃料电池 高温质子交换膜 高分子改性 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]