福建省万寿岩遗址船帆洞植硅体组合特征及其环境意义  

Phytolith assemblages and their environmental significance in the Chuanfan Cave,Wanshouyan Site,Fujian

作　　者：赵举兴 陈泉霖 张书光 李长安[3] 林淑珍 程乔 刘林敬[4] ZHAO Juxing;CHEN Quanlin;ZHANG Shuguang;LI Chang’an;LIN Shuzhen;CHENG Qiao;LIU Linjing(Fujian Exploration Institute of Coalfield Geology,Fuzhou 350005,China;The Coalfield Geology Bureau of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350000,China;School of Geography and Information Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,CAGS,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省煤田地质勘查院,福州350005 [2]福建省煤田地质局,福州350000 [3]中国地质大学地理与信息工程学院,武汉430074 [4]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2023年第2期192-199,共8页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金“基于万寿岩船帆洞沉积物的古人类生存环境研究”(2021J01349);国家自然科学基金“锡林郭勒草原全新世古植被演替过程及其对气候变化的响应”(42177428);福建省煤田地质局科研项目“福建省万寿岩洞穴年代序列及晚更新世晚期以来环境演化”。

摘　　要：万寿岩遗址位于福建省三明市,遗址之一的船帆洞中曾生活过两期古人类(40~37 kaBP和30~29 kaBP)。在第一期古人类的文化层中发现的人工石铺地面在我国旧石器考古中属重要发现,对研究末次冰期古人类生存环境具有重大意义。对船帆洞沉积物的植硅体分析显示,尖型植硅体和棒型植硅体数量比较占优势,扇型和块状植硅体含量其次,短细胞植硅体形态中鞍型的含量较多。结合聚类分析结果可将剖面至下而上划分为5个气候带,气候环境依次为凉干-冷干-冷偏干-凉偏干-温凉偏干。第一期古人类生活于带I底部,为凉干背景下较温暖的气候环境;第二期古人类生活于带Ⅳ上部,为凉偏干背景下较温暖的气候环境。植硅体的变化特征较好地指示了H4和H3事件,分别对应两期文化层。两次Heinrich事件改变了古人类的生存环境,推测是两期古人类离开船帆洞的主要原因。Two-stage cultural layers(40~37 kaBP and 30~29 kaBP)were identified in the Chuanfan Cave,Wanshouyan Site,Sanming,Fujian Province.The artificial pebble-laid living surface in the first cultural layer was an important discovery in paleolithic reconnaissance,which has great significance in investigating the living environment in the last glacial period.Systematic phytolith analysis of deposits in the Chuanfan Cave provided us an opportunity to reveal climatic change and the living environment of ancient humans since late Pleistocene.Results show that acicula and rhabdolith were dominant in all samples,followed by fan-shaped and blocky phytolith,and more saddle-shaped phytolith in short cell.Five climatic stages were divided from bottom to top according to phytolith assemblages:cool dry,cold dry,in relatively dry cold,relatively dry cool,and relatively warm dry.The first ancient human lived in the early stageⅠ,which was relatively warm in cool-dry background.The second ancient human lived in the late stageⅣ,which was relatively warm in cool-relatively-dry background.Phytolith variation also indicated that the Heinrich events H4 and H3 correspond well to the two cultural layers.The climate tended to be cooler rapidly after the two Heinrich events,which changed the living environment of ancient humans and shall be the main reason for the ancient humans in the two stages to escape from the Chuanfan Cave.

关 键 词：植硅体 孢粉 古气候 船帆洞 万寿岩遗址 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]