不同认知任务下定向运动员脑加工特征研究——来自fNIRS的证据  

A Study of Brain Processing Characteristics of Orienteers under Different Cognitive Tasks: Evidence from fNIRS

作　　者：张文 宋杨 刘阳 ZHANG Wen;SONG Yang;LIU Yang(School of Physical Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xian,Shaanxi 710119,China;Tianjin University of Finance and Economics Athletic Sports Management Center,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学体育学院,陕西西安710119 [2]天津财经大学竞技运动管理中心,天津300222

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2023年第2期180-186,共7页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(2022P003);陕西省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度课题(SGH20Y1061)。

摘　　要：目的:利用功能性近红外光谱成像技术监测定向运动员在不同认知任务下大脑皮层脑血氧激活变化,揭示定向运动项目认知加工特征和内在机制。方法:24名定向运动员参加实验,通过行为测量和近红外光谱功能成像系统脑血氧激活程度的测量,记录并分析被试在识图决策和图景识别2种认知任务执行过程中的行为表现和大脑前额叶皮层的氧合血红蛋白浓度变化。结果:1)图景识别任务行为绩效显著好于识图决策任务;2)识图决策任务下,大脑左右腹外侧前额叶大脑皮层脑血氧激活程度显著大于图景识别任务;3)图景识别任务下,脑功能连接相关程度显著大于识图决策任务。结论:不同认知任务下大脑前额叶在认知加工模式上存在差异,左右腹外侧前额叶脑区在识图决策认知任务加工过程中起到重要作用,图景识别认知加工过程中,脑网络功能连接更强。Objective:Functional near-infrared spectroscopy imaging(fNIRS)was used to monitor the activation of cerebral oxygen(Oxy-hb)in the cerebral cortex of orienteering athletes under different cognitive tasks,to reveal the cognitive processing characteristics and internal mechanism of orienteering events.Methods:Twenty-four orienteering athletes participated in the experiment to record and analyze the participants’behavior and the changes in the concentration of oxyhemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex of the brain during the two tasks of map recognition decision-making and picture recognition by measuring the degree of activation of cerebral blood oxygen through behavioral measurement and near-infrared spectroscopy functional imaging systems.Results:1)The performance of picture recognition task completion behavior is significantly better than that of map recognition decision-making task.2)Under the map recognition decision-making task,the degree of Oxy-hb activation of the left and right ventrolateral prefrontal lobe(VLPFC)of the brain was significantly greater than that of the image recognition task.3)Under the picture recognition task,the correlation degree of brain function connection is significantly greater than that of the map recognition decision-making task.Conclusion:Under different cognitive tasks,the prefrontal lobe of the brain has differences in cognitive processing mode,and the brain region of the left and right ventrolateral prefrontal lobes plays an important role in the processing of cognitive tasks for map recognition decision-making,and the brain network function connection is stronger during the cognitive processing of picture recognition.

关 键 词：定向运动 识图决策 图景识别 功能性近红外光谱成像技术 前额叶皮层区 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]