对美军空空导弹雷达导引头技术体制的推测  

Speculations on US Airforce’s Air-to-Air MissileRadar Seeker Technical Scheme

作　　者：张江华[1] Zhang Jianghua(Xi’an Electronic Engineering Research Institute,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子工程研究所,西安710100

出　　处：《航空兵器》2023年第1期31-36,共6页Aero Weaponry

摘　　要：近几十年来,世界各军事强国竞相发展隐身技术,战机典型RCS已经从0.1~1 m^(2)下降到-40 dBm^(2),隐身目标探测成为空空导弹雷达导引头领域亟待解决的难题,有源相控阵导引头技术被广泛认为是最有可能解决空空导弹对隐身目标探测的先进技术,但成本高,且对隐身目标探测能力提升有限。本文结合美军近年来中距空空导弹改进项目以及从平台中心战转向网络中心战、体系中心战的大背景,通过对机载雷达、TVM(Track via Missile)雷达导引头以及Ku和Ka波段主动雷达导引头在晴天和雨天条件下对典型隐身目标探测距离计算分析的基础上,认为美军可能在发展TVM雷达制导与主动雷达制导复合的制导方式。X波段TVM雷达导引头技术可以充分利用机载雷达资源,提升导引头对隐身目标探测能力,相比有源相控阵导引头技术成本大幅度降低。In recent several decades,stealth technology has been developed quickly among the military countries,the typical RCS of fighter plane has dropped from 0.1~1 m 2 to around-40 dBm 2,and the detection of stealthy target is a urgent problem needs to solve.Active phased array(APA)radar seeker technology is widely considered as the most likely solution to the detection of stealthy targets for medium range air to air missile(AAM),but the cost of APA radar seeker is high,and the improvement of stealthy targets detection range is still limited.In order to find a way to improve the stealthy targets capture capability of AAM radar seeker,the improvement project of US airforce’s medium range AAM as well as the background of transformations from platform-centric warfare to network-centric warfare and SoS-centric warfare(SCW)are both considered in this paper,based on the detection range calculation of airborne radar,track-via-missile(TVM)radar seeker and the Ku,Ka band radar seeker to typical stealthy targets in clear atmosphere or rain conditions,it is speculated that the US airforce are likely now developing the composite guidance mode of TVM and active radar seeker technology in dealing with stealthy targets.TVM radar seeker technology in X band can make full use of airborne radar resources,and can improve the detection capability of stealthy targets,also the cost is greatly reduced compared with active phased array seeker.

关 键 词：相控阵雷达导引头 主动雷达导引头 TVM雷达导引头 隐身目标 空空导弹 

分 类 号：TJ765.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]