氮磷钾肥配施对烤烟苗期生理特性的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer on Physiological Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco Seedlings

作　　者：雷刚 廉云 刘金亮 LEI Gang;LIAN Yun;LIU Jinliang(College of Tobacco Science,Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Research/Tobacco Science Research Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室/贵州大学烟草科学研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第8期26-30,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技计划项目“贵烟202配套栽培技术研究应用”(2018-06)。

摘　　要：以烤烟新品种贵烟202为试验材料,采用氮磷钾肥三因素五水平二次回归几乎正交旋转组合试验,研究不同施肥处理对烤烟苗期生理特性的影响。结果表明:在漂浮育苗条件下,营养液中氮浓度对早期烟苗叶片叶绿素含量影响较大,随着烟苗生长,作用越来越小;磷、钾浓度对烟苗叶片叶绿素含量影响不大。烟苗生长前期,磷、钾浓度对根系活力影响显著,氮浓度对其影响不明显;随着烟苗的生长,氮浓度对烟苗根系活力影响越来越大,磷、钾浓度对其影响越来越小。烟苗生长前期磷、钾浓度对硝酸还原酶活性影响较大,氮浓度对其影响不明显;随着烟苗的生长,磷、钾浓度对烟苗叶片硝酸还原酶活性的影响越来越小,氮浓度对其的影响越来越大。在整个苗期,烟苗叶片中的谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、谷草转氨酶活性和谷丙转氨酶活性受营养液中氮、磷、钾浓度影响不明显。综合来看,营养液中纯N、P2O5、K2O的浓度分别为10.50~12.00、6.51、10.50 mmol/L时最佳。Using the new flue-cured tobacco variety Guiyan 202 as the experimental material,the effects of different fertilization treatments on the physiological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco seedlings were studied by using the three-factor five-level quadratic regression almost orthogonal rotation combination experiment.The results showed that under the condition of floating seedling cultivation,the nitrogen concentration in the nutrient solution had a greater impact on the chlorophyll content of early tobacco seedling leaves,and the effect became smaller and smaller with the growth of tobacco seedlings;phosphorus and potassium concentrations had little effect on chlorophyll content of tobacco seedling leaves.In the early stage of tobacco seedling growth,phosphorus and potassium concentrations had a significant impact on root activity,while nitrogen concentration had no significant impact on it;with the growth of tobacco seedlings,the effect of nitrogen concentration on root activity of tobacco seedlings was more and more significant,while the effects of phosphorus and potassium concentrations on it were less and less.In the early stage of tobacco seedling growth,the phosphorus and potassium concentrations had a greater impact on nitrate reductase activity,while the nitrogen concentration had no significant impact on it;with the growth of tobacco seedlings,the effects of phosphorus and potassium concentrations on nitrate reductase activity of tobacco seedlings leaves became smaller and smaller,and the effect of nitrogen on it became more and more.During the whole seedling stage,the activities of glutamine synthetase,glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase in the leaves of tobacco seedlings were not significantly affected by the concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the nutrient solution. In general, the best concentration of pure N, P2O5 and K2O in the nutrient solution was 10.50-12.00 mmol/L, 6.51 mmol/L and 10.50 mmol/L respectively.

关 键 词：烤烟 氮磷钾肥配施 生理特性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]