山东省2020—2021年蚊虫中乙型脑炎病毒感染率及系统进化分析  

Infection rate and phylogenetic analysis of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes in Shandong province,2020—2021

作　　者：吴云姣 范智玉 刘桂芳[3] 任沿梅 林小娟[3] 王根延 陶泽新[3] WU Yun-jiao;FAN Zhi-yu;LIU Gui-fang;REN Yan-mei;LIN Xiao-juan;WANG Gen-yan;TAO Ze-xin(School of Public Health,Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jinan,Shandong 250117,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学公共卫生与健康管理学院,山东济南250117 [2]莒南县疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,山东莒南276600 [3]山东省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防管理所,山东济南250014 [4]东营市垦利区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,山东东营257599 [5]微山县疾病预防控制中心病媒生物防制科,山东济宁277699

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2023年第1期37-42,共6页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：泰山学者青年专家计划项目(tsqn202103187);山东预防医学会智飞疾病预防控制技术研究基金项目(LYH2017-05)。

摘　　要：目的了解山东省蚊虫中流行性乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)的感染情况、基因型及遗传变异特征,为流行性乙型脑炎的防控提供科学依据。方法分别于2020年8月和2021年8月在山东省济宁市微山县、临沂市莒南县、东营市垦利区采用紫外诱蚊灯和电动吸蚊器采集蚊虫标本。对蚊虫标本进行研磨,使用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测蚊虫标本中的JEV,采用最大似然法对蚊虫中JEV感染率及其95%可信区间进行估算。将JEV阳性标本进行E基因和PrM基因的RT-PCR扩增及测序,并使用Bioedit 7.0和Mega 11等软件进行序列分析。结果2年2次共采集蚊虫6种737批37455只,其中三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种31452只(83.97%),其次为骚扰阿蚊2508只(6.70%)、中华按蚊2468只(6.59%)、淡色库蚊970只(2.59%)、伊蚊40只(0.11%)和二帯喙库蚊17只(0.04%)。将所有蚊虫分为737批进行检测,其中53批JEV核酸阳性,2020年和2021年山东省监测点蚊虫JEV总体感染率分别为0.19%(0.13%,0.26%)和0.14%(0.09%,0.22%),按地区分布JEV感染率最高的是微山2020年采集的蚊虫,达0.84%(0.51%,1.33%)。基于E基因和PrM基因的系统进化分析表明山东JEV序列均属于基因1型G1-b亚型,但属于多个不同的小分支谱系。结论山东省近年蚊虫感染基因1型JEV,不同地区的蚊虫中JEV感染率差异较大。蚊虫中JEV的持续存在凸显了保持乙脑疫苗高接种率的重要性。Objective To investigate the prevalence,genotypes,and genetic characterization of Japanese en⁃cephalitis virus(JEV)carried by mosquitoes in Shandong province,and to provide scientific basis for the preven⁃tion and control of Japanese encephalitis.Methods Mosquitoes were captured using ultraviolet mosquito trap lamp and electric mosquito suction device in 3 counties of Weishan,Junan and Kenli in Shandong province in August 2020 and August 2021.The mosquitoes were homogenized and JEV RNA was detected by RT-PCR.The number of JEV positive mosquitoes per 100 was estimated by maximum likelihood estimation method.E gene and PrM gene were amplified,sequenced and the sequences were analyzed using Bioedit 7.0 and Mega 11 software.Results A total of 37455 mosquitoes were captured and were classified into 6 species,of which Cu⁃lex tritaeniorhynchus was found to be the dominant species(31452,83.97%),followed by Armigeres obtur⁃bans(2508,6.70%),Anopheles sinensis(2468,6.59%),Culex pipiens pallens(970,2.59%),Aedes(40,0.11%),and Culex pipiens(17,0.04%).The mosquitoes were grouped into 737 pools,and 53 pools were RT-PCR positive.The overall JEV infection rates were 0.19 and 0.14 per 100 mosquitoes in 2020 and 2021,re⁃spectively.The highest infection rate of 0.84 per 100 mosquitoes was found in Weishan in 2020.Phylogenetic analysis on E gene and PrM gene showed that all Shandong JEVs belonged to G1-b subtype of genotype 1,but were segregated into multiple evolutionary branches.Conclusion Mosquitoes in Shandong province mainly carry genotype 1 JEV.The infection rate of JEV in mosquitoes varies dramatically in different regions.The per⁃sistent infection of JEV in mosquitoes underscores the importance of high inoculation rate of JE vaccine.

关 键 词：蚊虫 乙型脑炎病毒 基因分型 进化分析 山东 

分 类 号：R373.3[医药卫生—病原生物学]