以2021年社区诊断为基础的西昌市居民高血压患病情况及相关行为分析  

Analysis of prevalence of hypertension and related behaviors among residents based on community diagnosis in Xichang City 2021

作　　者：杨端丹 廖强[2] 杨芳[1] 夏宏丽[1] 曹凯 张韬[3] YANG Duandan;LIAO Qiang;YANG Fang;XIA Hongli;CAO Kai;ZHANG Tao(Xichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xichang 615000,Sichuan Province,China;Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xichang 615000,Sichuan Province,China;West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西昌市疾病预防控制中心,四川西昌615000 [2]凉山彝族自治州疾病预防控制中心,四川西昌615000 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第3期304-311,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解凉山州西昌市居民高血压患病情况及相关行为,为当地开展高血压防控工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2021年7月在西昌市抽取1404名18岁及以上居民开展包括高血压等相关知识的问卷调查和体格检查的社区诊断。采用SPSS 26.0等软件进行数据的统计分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果共有效调查18岁及以上居民1400人,高血压患病率17.85%,标化患病率为15.77%。高血压患病率随年龄增加而增高(χ^(2)_(趋势)=122.594,P<0.001),60岁及以上年龄组最高(34.76%);汉族聚集区居民高血压患病率高于彝族聚集区(χ^(2)=6.041,P=0.014);不同文化程度、婚姻状况和职业的居民高血压患病率均不同。有高血压家族史居民高血压患病率高于无家族史居民(χ^(2)=32.116,P<0.001)。超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖者高血压患病率高于正常人群(χ^(2)=54.962,P<0.001)。结论西昌市居民高血压患病率虽低于全省及全国平均水平,但吸烟、饮酒、过量摄入食用盐和习惯食用腌腊制品等不健康的生活行为方式普遍存在。关注重点人群、加大筛查力度、加强健康教育和健康促进、推广健康生活方式等措施的落实,应成为本市高血压防控的切入点。Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and related behaviors among residents in Xichang City of Liangshan prefecture,and to provide basis for local hypertension prevention and control.Methods In July 2021,based on the community diagnosis work in Xichang city,the method of multi-stage stratified random sampling method were used,1404 agad 18 and over residents were selected,questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory test were carried out.SPSS 26.0 software were used for statistical analysis,and Chi-square test was used for the comparison of rate,test levelα=0.05.Results 1400 residents aged 18 and over were investigated.The prevalence rate of hypertension was 17.85%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 15.77%.The prevalence rate of hypertension of each age group increased with age(χ^(2)_(trend)=122.594,P<0.001);The highest prevalence rate was 34.8%in the age group of 60 years old and above.The prevalence rate of hypertension of residents in Han nationality gathering area was higher than that in Yi nationality gathering area(χ^(2)=6.041,P=0.014);The prevalence of hypertension was different among residents with different education level,marital status and occupation.The prevalence rate of hypertension in residents with family history of hypertension was higher than that of residents without family history of hypertension(χ^(2)=32.116,P<0.001).The prevalence of jypertension in overweight,obesity and central obesity was higher than that of the normal population(χ^(2)=54.962,P<0.001).Conclusions Although the prevalence of hypertension in Xichang city is lower than the provincial and national average level.However,unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking,drinking,excessive intake of salt and the habit of eating preserved products and other unhealthylifebehavior'ss are common.So that to focus on key groups,increase screening,strengthen health education and health promotion and promote healthy lifestyles should become the entry point of hypertension prevention and control in Xichang City.

关 键 词：西昌市 社区诊断 高血压 患病率 行为分析 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R181.3[医药卫生—内科学]