大线速度下超高压水射流破岩试验研究  

Experimental study on ultra-high pressure water jet rock-breaking at high linear speed

作　　者：张金良 杨风威 曹智国 苏伟林 ZHANG Jin-liang;YANG Feng-wei;CAO Zhi-guo;SU Wei-lin(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,Henan 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin,Ministry of Water Resources(under construction),Zhengzhou,Henan 450003,China;College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室(筹),河南郑州450003 [3]郑州大学水利与土木工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《岩土力学》2023年第3期615-623,共9页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2020YFF0426370);国家自然科学基金(No.5217090638);中国博士后科学基金(No.2022M711287);河南省博士后科研项目(No.202101053)。

摘　　要：高压水射流的破岩效果对高压水射流辅助掘进机破岩技术至关重要。为提升隧道掘进机工况下高压水射流辅助破岩的效率,开展大线速度下超高压水射流破岩试验,分析喷嘴移动线速度、射流压力和喷嘴直径对破岩效果的影响规律,并探究加磨料和射流形式对破岩效果的影响。试验结果表明,随喷嘴移动线速度增加,高压水射流的切割深度和切割宽度均近似线性减小;随射流压力增加,切割深度近似线性增大,压力从200 MPa提高到280 MPa,切割深度增加了72%~82%;喷嘴直径从0.35 mm增大到0.60 mm,切割深度增加了60%~85%。大线速度下加磨料后射流变发散,加磨料的切割深度小于纯水的切割深度,加磨料的切割宽度大于纯水的切割宽度。砂管束流射流模式的能量利用率更高,砂管束流的切割深度比长线射流的切割深度大35%~42%,砂管束流的切割宽度比长线射流的切割宽度大78%~85%。基于Crow切割岩石理论,通过试验数据回归分析,得到大线速度下超高压水射流切割深度半理论半经验预测模型,可为高压水射流辅助掘进机破岩技术中射流切割参数优化提供参考依据。研究成果对提升隧道掘进机工况下超高压水射流辅助破岩的效率是很有意义的。The rock-breaking effect of high-pressure water jet is very important in the rock-breaking technology of high-pressure water jet assisted tunnel boring machine(TBM).In order to improve the efficiency of high-pressure water jet assisted rock-breaking under the working condition of TBM,rock-breaking tests of ultra-high pressure water jet at high linear speed were carried out,and the influences of nozzle moving linear speed,jet pressure and nozzle diameter on the rock-breaking effect were analyzed.The effects of adding abrasive and jet form on the rock-breaking effect were also investigated.The test results show that the cutting depth and cutting width of high-pressure water jet decrease approximately linearly with the increase of nozzle moving linear speed.With the increase of jet pressure,the cutting depth increases approximately linearly,and the pressure is increased from 200 MPa to 280 MPa,the cutting depth is increased by 72%−82%.As the nozzle diameter is increased from 0.35 mm to 0.60 mm,and the cutting depth is increased by 60%−85%.At a high linear speed,the jet flow becomes divergent after adding abrasive.So the cutting depth of adding abrasive is less than that of pure water,and the cutting width of adding abrasive is greater than that of pure water.The cutting depth of sand tube beam is 35%−42%greater than that of long-line jet,and the cutting width of sand tube beam is 78%−85%greater than that of long-line jet.Based on the Crow’s cutting rock theory and regression analysis of test data,a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical prediction model for the cutting depth of ultra-high pressure water jet at high linear speed is obtained,which can provide a reference for the optimization of jet parameters in the rock-breaking technology of high-pressure water jet assisted TBM.The research results are of great significance for improving the efficiency of high-pressure water jet assisted rock-breaking under the working condition of TBM.

关 键 词：隧道掘进机 大线速度 超高压水射流 切割深度 预测模型 

分 类 号：TP69[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]