顶板-支护系统准共振诱发冲击地压机制研究  

Study on the mechanism of coal bursts induced by quasi-resonance of roof-support system

作　　者：王凯兴[1] 薛佳琪 潘一山[1] 窦林名[2] 肖永惠 WANG Kai-xing;XUE Jia-qi;PAN Yi-shan;DOU Lin-ming;XIAO Yong-hui(School of Mechanics and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China;Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining of Ministry of Education,China University of Mining Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;School of Physics,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]中国矿业大学深部煤炭资源开采教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]辽宁大学物理学院,辽宁沈阳110036

出　　处：《岩土力学》2023年第3期717-727,共11页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51874163);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目资助(No.XLYC2007021)。

摘　　要：冲击地压的发生机制与防治是煤矿动力灾害研究的重要问题。巷道顶板-支护系统在围岩扰动作用下存在接近共振状态的准共振现象将诱发顶板支护系统的冲击灾害,表现为顶板的位移、速度、加速度3种准共振强响应。依据支护失稳及支护塑性屈曲判别条件,给出支护动载破坏的3个安全系数及相应的危险扰动频率比区间,同时针对顶板支护系统准共振诱发的冲击灾害给出支护阻尼防冲控制分析。结果表明:在外界扰动力幅值低于静载下的支护临界破坏载荷时,顶板-支护系统的准共振现象是导致支护冲击破坏的主要原因;支护破坏的准共振危险扰动频率比区间与顶板支护系统的阻尼比及力幅比有关,随着阻尼比的增加,顶板准共振时的位移、速度及加速度响应幅值均减小,支护阻尼是对3种准共振响应均敏感的控制量;随着顶板支护系统阻尼比的增大或力幅比(外界扰动力幅值与支护静载破坏临界载荷之比)的下降,支护的危险扰动频率比区间范围将缩小甚至消失,同时阻尼比和力幅比取值均较小时,顶板支护系统在3种准共振下的危险扰动频率比取值区间较为接近。该研究将丰富对冲击地压发生机制的认识,同时对支护防冲控制设计具有参考价值。The mechanism and prevention of coal burst is an important issue in the study of coal mine dynamic disasters.The disturbance of surrounding rocks can trigger the quasi-resonance phenomena of roadway roof support system in close proximity to its resonant state,ultimately inducing impact disasters.This is manifested in three strong quasi-resonant responses,including roof displacement,velocity and acceleration.Based on the support instability and plastic buckling criteria,three safety factors and the corresponding dangerous disturbance frequency ratio interval for the dynamic failure of support are proposed,and the support damping control strategy is given,aiming at the impact disasters induced by the quasi-resonance of the roof support system.The results show that when the amplitude of disturbing force is lower than the critical failure force of the support under static loads,the quasi-resonant phenomena of roof support system is the main reason for the dynamic failure of support.The frequency ratio range of quasi-resonant dangerous disturbance for support failure is related to the damping ratio and force amplitude ratio of roof support system.With the increasing damping ratio,the displacement,velocity and acceleration response amplitudes at the roof quasi-resonance will decrease.The support damping is a controlling factor sensitive to these three types of quasi-resonant responses.When the damping ratio in the roof support system increases or the force amplitude ratio(the ratio between the amplitude of external disturbance and the critical load for static support failure)decreases,the dangerous disturbance frequency ratio interval of the support will narrow or even disappear.When the damping ratio and force amplitude ratio are small,the dangerous disturbance frequency ratio intervals of the roof support system under three quasi-resonant conditions are close.This study will enrich the understanding of the mechanism behind coal bursts and provide valuable insights for the design of support control.

关 键 词：冲击地压 顶板-支护系统准共振 支护破坏 防冲控制 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]