黑山铁矿中深孔落矿大块成因及控制方法  

Large Block Genesis and Control Method of Mid-deep Hole Caving in Heishan Iron Mine

作　　者：高展 GAO Zhan(Chengde Heishan Iron Mine,HBIS Group Mining Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]河钢集团矿业有限公司承德黑山铁矿

出　　处：《现代矿业》2023年第3期85-88,共4页Modern Mining

摘　　要：针对黑山铁矿中深孔落矿大块率高造成的矿石损失贫化大及回采率低等问题,采用现场调研与灰色关联分析相结合的方法研究了井下大块主要成因。研究得出4个方面因素:(1)炸药单耗较小且起爆过程中存在串段起爆情况;(2)原崩落大块矿石得不到有效挤压破碎而堵塞出矿口;(3)中深孔成孔质量偏低;(4)覆盖层大块岩石提前混入崩落矿石堆。据此,提出了优化炸药单耗与最小抵抗线、分区段精细化出矿及加强中深孔成孔质量管理方法。通过现场试验,井下大块率降低了4%,回采率提高了1.32%,中深孔合格率提高了5%,实现了黑山铁矿中深孔落矿大块的有效控制,可为类似条件生产矿山提供技术指导与借鉴。In order to solve the problems of high ore loss and dilution and low recovery rate caused by high yield of large block in the middle and deep hole in Heishan Iron Mine,the main causes of large block in the mine are studied by combining field investigation and grey correlation analysis.The high yield of bulk is mainly caused by four factors:①The single consumption of explosive is small and there is a series of initi⁃ation in the process of detonation.②The original caved bulk ore can not be effectively crushed and blocked the ore outlet.③The forming quality of medium-deep hole is low.④Large rocks of overburden were mixed into caved ore heap in advance.Based on this,a series of bulk control methods were proposed to optimize the single consumption and minimum resistance line of explosives,refine ore extraction in zoning sections and strengthen the quality management of medium and deep hole formation.Through the field test,the un⁃derground bulk rate is reduced by 4%.The recovery rate is increased by 1.32%,and the qualified rate of me⁃dium-deep hole is increased by 5%,which realizes the effective control of the medium-deep hole falling large block in Heishan Iron Mine,and can provide technical guidance and reference for the production mines under similar conditions.

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落法 大块 中深孔 爆破参数 出矿控制 

分 类 号：TD853.362[矿业工程—金属矿开采]