国外老年津贴政策比较研究及对我国的启示  

A Comparative Study on Old Age Allowance Policies of Other Countries and its Implications to China

作　　者：高小琴[1] 钟仁耀[1] 马微波 GAO Xiaoqin;ZHONG Renyao;MA Weibo

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学

出　　处：《社会政策研究》2022年第4期120-136,共17页Social Policy Research

摘　　要：随人口老龄化程度的持续加剧,老年人的养老问题给各国带来了巨大挑战,世界各国解决该问题的主要举措之一是出台老年津贴政策。在国际上,老年津贴政策是保障老年人基本生活水平的主要手段之一,主要面向未参与社会保险的群体,以此弥补正式退休计划无法覆盖的缺陷。国际上老年津贴政策的福利模式主要有普惠模式、选择模式和混合模式,本文分析比较三类政策福利模式的特征,挖掘不同政策福利模式背后的动因,分析不同模式老年津贴政策实施的优劣。在此基础之上,提出我国应建立选择型老年津贴政策,统一政策目标、政策定位、政策设计,同时加强立法建设。With the continuous aging of the population,the problem of old-age care has brought great challenges to all countries.One of the main approaches to solve this problem in all these countries is to introduce and implement the policy of old age allowance.Globally,the old age allowance policy is one of the main means to ensure the basic living standards of the elderly.It mainly targets the groups who have not participated in social insurance,so as to make up for the defects that the formal retirement plan cannot cover.The welfare models of old age allowance policies worldwide mainly include the universal benefit model,the selective model and the hybrid model.This paper analyzes and compares the characteristics of three types of policy welfare models,explores the motivations behind different models,and investigates the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of old age allowance policies under different models.On this basis,it proposes that we should establish a selective old age allowance policy,align policy objectives,policy position and policy design,and strengthen legislative construction.

关 键 词：老年津贴 福利模式 老年人福利 国际比较 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]