燕山北部不同类型防护林枯落物及土壤水文效应  

Litter and Soil Hydrological Effects of Different Types of Shelterbelts in Northern Yanshan

作　　者：李艳茹 赵鹏 李海山 陈哲 董大鹏 谷建才[1] 陆贵巧[1] LI Yanru;ZHAO Peng;LI Haishan;CHEN Zhe;DONG Dapeng;GU Jiancai;LU Guiqiao(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China;Hebei Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省林业和草原局,石家庄050000

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2022年第S01期91-101,共11页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：全球环境基金项目(9518);国家重点研发计划课题“坝上高原及华北北部山地沙化土地治理与沙产业技术研发及示范”(2016YFC0500802);2015年河北省高等学校科学研究计划项目(Z2015079)。

摘　　要：研究华北落叶松林、山杨-白桦林、华北落叶松-白桦林、油松-华北落叶松林、白桦林5种类型防护林的枯落物和土壤水文效应。研究方法为浸泡法和环刀法。结果表明:1)枯落物蓄积量范围为11.26~17.75 t/hm^(2),山杨-白桦林最大,油松-华北落叶松林次之,白桦林最小,华北落叶松林、油松-华北落叶松林未分解层蓄积量大于半分解层,山杨-白桦林、白桦林、华北落叶松-白桦林规律相反。2)枯落物最大持水量为31.27~51.75 t/hm^(2),有效拦蓄量为23.69~27.70 t/hm^(2),均表现为山杨-白桦林最大,华北落叶松林最小,持水量(率)、拦蓄量(率)半分解层均大于未分解层。枯落物持水量和持水率与浸泡时间分别呈对数函数和指数函数。3)土壤容重为1.18~1.23 g/cm^(3),总孔隙度为43.75%~58.47%。土壤有效持水量为64.71~131.09 t/hm^(2),山杨-白桦林最大,白桦林次之,华北落叶松林最小,土壤入渗速率与入渗时间呈幂函数关系。4) 5种林分水源涵养能力大小排序为山杨-白桦林>华北落叶松-白桦林>白桦林>油松-华北落叶松林>华北落叶松林,阔叶混交林、针阔混交林水源涵养能力较好。The litter and soil hydrological effects of five types of shelterbelts were studied,including Larix principis-rupprechtii forest,Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest,Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla forest,Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest,Betula platyphylla forest.Research methods were soaking method and the ring knife method.The results showed that:1)The litter accumulation ranged from 11.26 to 17.75 t/hm^(2),with that of the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest being the highest,followed by the Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest,and that of the Betula platyphylla forest being the lowest.The accumulation of undecomposed layer in the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest and the Pinus tabuliformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii forest were greater than that of the semi-decomposition layer,and the law of the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest,the Betula platyphylla forest,and the Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula platyphylla forest were opposite.2)The maximum water-holding capacity of the litter was 31.27~51.75 t/hm^(2),and the effective storage capacity was 23.69~27.70 t/hm^(2),both of them were the highest in the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest,the lowest in the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest.The water-holding capacity(rate)and retention capacity(rate)of semi-decomposed layer were greater than those of undecomposed layer.The water-holding capacity and water-holding rate of litter were logarithmic and exponential functions with soaking time,respectively.3)The soil bulk density ranged from 1.18 to 1.23 g/cm^(3),and the total porosity ranged from 43.75%to 58.47%.The soil effective water-holding capacity ranged from 64.71 to 131.09 t/hm^(2),with that of the Populus davidiana and Betula platyphylla forest being the highest,followed by the Betula platyphylla forest,and that of the Larix principis-rupprechtii forest being the lowest.The soil infiltration rate and infiltration time showed a power f

关 键 词：枯落物层 土壤层 水文特征 燕山北部 防护林 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]