合肥市大气PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃分布特征、源解析及致癌风险评价  

Distribution characteristic,source apportionment and carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM_(2.5) in Hefei

作　　者：葛成相[1] 沈彤[2] 张霞[3] 李四生[1] 李昌安[1] 刘梓凯 汪岩 陈轶群 GE Cheng-xiang;SHEN Tong;ZHANG Xia;LI Si-sheng;LI Chang-an;LIU Zi-kai;WANG Yan;CHEN Yi-qun(Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230061,China;School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University;Anhui Province Electronic Products Supervision and Inspection Institute)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,合肥230061 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]安徽省电子产品监督检验所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2023年第3期204-212,共9页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：空气污染(雾霾)对人群健康影响监测与防护项目。

摘　　要：目的分析合肥市大气细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)含量分布的时空和季节性变化,解析其来源,并评价其致癌风险。方法采集2019年1月至2020年12月合肥市大气PM_(2.5),利用高效液相色谱法对PM_(2.5)中16种PAHs进行检测,用诊断比率法(diagnostic ratios,DR)和正矩阵因式分解(positive matrix factorization,PMF)模型解析PAHs的来源,并评价其终生致癌风险。结果合肥大气PM_(2.5)中总多环芳烃(ΣPAHs)的浓度范围0.24~39.85 ng/m^(3)。ΣPAHs平均浓度为冬季(8.12 ng/m^(3))>秋季(5.22 ng/m^(3))>春季(4.42 ng/m^(3))>夏季(3.17 ng/m^(3)),其中冬季浓度是夏季的2.56倍;几乎所有样品蒽/(蒽+菲)比值均大于0.1;汽油和煤炭燃烧对排放的贡献分别为25.7~49.4%、和29.7~39.0%;冬季成人和儿童的总致癌风险平均值分别为5.24×10^(-9)和0.89×10^(-9)。结论合肥市大气PM_(2.5)中ΣPAHs含量呈现季节性变化,呈冬季较高,其主要来源为汽油、汽车尾气和煤炭的燃烧,对儿童和成人的致癌风险均在可接受范围内。Objective To explore the spatial,temporal and seasonal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))in Hefei,China,analyze its emission sources and evaluate its carcinogenic risks.Methods Airborne PM_(2.5) samples were collected from January 2019 to December 2020,and the concentrations of 16 kinds of PAHs in the samples were detected byhigh performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Diagnostic ratios(DR)and positive matrix factorization(PMF)were used to identify emission sources of PAHs,and assess,their lifetime risk of carcinogenesis.Results The mass concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in PM_(2.5) ranged from 0.24 to 39.85 ng/m^(3),with mean concentration of PAHs in winter(8.12 ng/m^(3))>autumn(5.22 ng/m^(3))>spring(4.42 ng/m^(3))>summer(3.17 ng/m^(3)).The mean concentration of PAHs in winter was 2.56 times as more as that in summer.Ratio of anthracene/(anthracene+Phenanthrene)was greater than 0.1 in most samples,and extracted sources contributions of gasoline and coal combustion were 25.7-49.4%and 29.7-39.0%,respectively.The median total incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk of adults and children in winter were 5.24×10^(-9) and 0.89×10^(-9).Conclusion The concentration of PAHs in PM_(2.5) in Hefei shows seasonal variation,with the highest concentration in winter.The main sources of PAHs are gasoline,automobile exhaust and coal combustion,and the carcinogenic risk of children and adults are within acceptable limits.

关 键 词：大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5)) 多环芳烃(PAHs) 分布特征 源解析 致癌风险评价 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4