逆境下9个极早熟、早熟杏品种性状的调查与分析  

Investigation and analyses of nine very early-ripening and early-ripening apricots under abnormal climate condition

作　　者：苑克俊[1] 石一川 牛庆霖[1] 秦志华[1] YUAN Kejun;SHI Yichuan;NIU Qinglin;QIN Zhihua(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Tai’an,Shandong 271000,China;Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000 [2]鲁东大学,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《落叶果树》2023年第2期14-16,共3页Deciduous Fruits

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2021LZGC007-2)。

摘　　要：对栽植于山东泰安同一杏园的9个极早熟、早熟杏品种开园、春华、满园、一串黄、早华、立园、早荷、红荷包、英华进行品种性状表现的调查比较,以金太阳品种为对照。结果表明,9个品种的果实成熟期都早于金太阳的成熟期;在花期遇到连续4 d低温-1、1、0、1℃时,极早熟品种开园和早熟品系满园受影响较大,产量较低;而极早熟品种春华受影响较小,产量较高;早熟品种立园和英华受影响小,产量高。结合各品种的果实品质认为,建园可栽植极早熟品种春华,其花期相对较抗低温危害,配以早熟品种立园为授粉树,提高坐果率;极早熟品种开园品质高、口感好,满园的果实大,可在观光采摘园适量栽植。A comparative investigation was conducted on the performance of 9 very early-ripening and early-ripening apricot varieties planted in the same apricot orchard in Tai’an,Shandong,including Kaiyuan,Chunhua,Manyuan,Yichuanhuang,Zaohua,Liyuan,Zaohe,Honghebao,and Yinghua,with the Jintaiyang variety as the control.The results showed that the fruit ripening period of all 9 varieties was earlier than that of the Jintaiyang;When encountering continuous low temperatures of-1,1,0,and 1℃for 4 days during the flowering period,very early-ripening variety Kaiyuan and early-ripening strain Manyuan are greatly affected and have lower yields;The very early-ripening variety Chunhua is less affected and has a higher yield;Early-ripening varieties such as Liyuan and Yinghua are less affected and have higher yields.Based on the yield and fruit quality of various varieties,it is believed that the very early-ripening variety Chunhua can be planted in the garden,which is resistant to low temperature damage during the flowering period.The early-ripening variety Liyuan can be used as a pollination tree to improve the fruit setting rate;The very early-ripening variety has high quality and good taste,and the fruits of Manyuan in the garden are large.They can be planted appropriately in sightseeing picking gardens.

关 键 词：杏 极早熟 早熟 性状表现 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]