调制方式对四川茄衣和茄芯烟叶化学成分及香气品质的影响  

Effects of Different Curing Methods on Chemical Components andAroma Quality of Sichuan Cigar Wrapper and Local Filler

作　　者：荣仕宾 秦艳青 赵园园 李晶晶 王俊 周骏[4] 刘德水 张瑞娜 曾旸 谭舒 颜婕 史宏志[1] Rong Shibin;Qin Yanqing;Zhao Yuanyuan;Li Jingjing;Wang Jun;Zhou Jun;Liu Deshui;Zhang Ruina;Zeng Yang;Tan Shu;Yan Jie;Shi Hongzhi(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/Center for Tobacco Agricultural Harm Reduction Research,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Sichuan Institute of Tobacco Science,Chengdu 600041,Sichuan,China;Deyang Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Deyang 618400,Sichuan,China;Beijing Cigarette Factory of Shanghai Tobacco(Group)Corporation,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草农业减害研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]四川省烟草科学研究所,四川成都600041 [3]四川省烟草公司德阳市公司,四川德阳618400 [4]上海烟草集团北京卷烟厂,北京100024

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第2期207-213,共7页Crops

基　　金：降低雪茄烟叶TSNAs关键技术研究及应用项目(SCYC201915);优质雪茄烟叶发酵工艺优化及特色发酵技术开发项目(SCYC202124)。

摘　　要：为探究不同调制方式对茄芯和茄衣烟叶化学成分及香气品质的影响,以传统茄芯品种什烟1号及当地主栽茄衣品种德雪3号为材料,设置晾制、晒制及烤制3种调制方式,对调制后样品的常规化学成分、中性香气成分、感官质量及TSNAs含量进行测定。结果表明,2种雪茄烟叶的总糖、还原糖、总氮和蛋白质含量均在烤制条件下较高,晾制和晒制导致这些物质含量显著降低。茄芯经晒制后中性香气成分含量最高,为877.87μg/g,而茄衣则在晾制后含量最高,为1020.40μg/g,2种雪茄烟叶均在烤制后中性香气成分含量最低。茄芯和茄衣烟叶均以晾制后的TSNAs(烟草特有亚硝胺)含量最高,分别为2058.29和2044.75ng/g,烤制可显著降低2种类型雪茄烟叶的TSNAs含量。茄芯和茄衣烟叶的生物碱含量经晒制后显著降低,且以晾制后最低,烤制后生物碱降低幅度较小。2种雪茄烟叶的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量均在烤制后最低。感官评吸结果表明,茄芯烟叶以晒制方式调制的烟叶质量最好,茄衣烟叶则以晾制效果最佳。因此,茄芯烟叶在晒制条件下烟叶化学成分协调,香气成分优良,抽吸品质较好,有利于实现优质低害。茄衣品种德雪3号则在晾制条件下香气浓郁,评吸质量更好。This experiment explored the effects of different curing methods of tobacco on the chemical composition and aroma quality of two cigar tobacco leaves.The traditional cigar filler varieties Shiyan No.1 and the local main planted wrapper variety Dexue No.3 were used as materials for three curing methods of air-cured,sun-cured and flue-cured.The content of conventional chemical composition,neutral aroma composition,TSNAs and sensory quality of the samples after curing were measured.The results showed that,the total sugar,reducing sugar,total nitrogen and protein content of the two cigar tobacco leaves were higher under the flue-cured conditions,but significantly decreased after air-cured and sun-cured.Cigar filler leaves had the highest content of neutral aroma components after sun-cured,which was 877.87μg/g,while cigar wrapper leaves had the highest content after air-cured,which was 1020.40μg/g.Both of the two types cigar tobacco leaves had the lowest neutral aroma components after flue-cured.Both the filler and wrapper tobacco leaves had the highest TSNAs content after air-cured,which were 2058.29 and 2044.75ng/g,respectively.Flue-cured could significantly reduce the TSNAs content of the two types of cigar tobacco leaves.The contents of alkaloids in cigar filler and wrapper leaves were significantly reduced after sun-cured,and was the lowest after air-cured.The reduction of alkaloids was small after flue-cured.The nitrate and nitrite contents of the two cigar tobacco leaves were the lowest after flue-cured.The results of sensory taste showed that the quality of cigar filler leaves with the way of sun-cured was the best,while air-cured was more suitable for wrapper tobacco.Under sun-dried condition,the cigar filler leaves had coordinated chemical components,excellent aroma components,and good sensory taste,which was beneficial to achieve the goal of high quality and low harm.The wrapper tobacco leaves had a strong aroma under air-cured conditions,and the smoking quality was better.

关 键 词：调制方式 茄芯 茄衣 烟叶品质 TSNAS 

分 类 号：TS441[农业科学—烟草工业]