种植密度对谷子农艺性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Planting Density on Agronomic Characteristics and Yield of Foxtail Millet

作　　者：马继钰 王爽 李云 郭振清 王健 林小虎 韩玉翠 Ma Jiyu;Wang Shuang;Li Yun;Guo Zhenqing;Wang Jian;Lin Xiaohu;Han Yucui(Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei,China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei,China;Research Center of Rural Vitalization,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [3]河北科技师范学院乡村振兴研究中心,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第2期222-228,共7页Crops

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(22326314D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队(杂粮杂豆)项目(HBCT2018070404)。

摘　　要：为探索冀东地区3个夏谷品种的适宜播种密度,以冀谷38、冀谷39和冀杂金苗一号为试材,设置45.0万(M1)、52.5万(M2)、60.0万(M3)和67.5万株/hm^(2)(M4)4个种植密度,对农艺性状及产量进行了分析。结果表明,谷子的株高和穗数随着种植密度的增加逐渐增加,茎粗、顶3叶面积、穗长、穗粗、码数、单穗重、穗粒重、千粒重和出谷率均随着种植密度的增加逐渐降低。3个品种的穗数均在M4处理下最高,显著高于其他处理。3个品种的穗粒重均在M1处理下最高,分别为19.13、18.17和16.38g。3个品种的千粒重均在M1处理下最高,分别为3.01、2.72和2.58g。冀谷38产量在M3处理下最高,为6339.6kg/hm^(2),显著高于M1和M2处理,分别增产13.04%和10.86%。冀杂金苗一号产量在M3处理下最高,为5410.0kg/hm^(2),显著高于M1和M4处理,分别增产23.73%和7.17%。冀谷39的产量随着种植密度的增加逐渐增加,在M4处理下最高,为6189.0kg/hm^(2),显著高于M1和M2处理,分别增产19.59%和11.19%。In order to explore the suitable planting density of three summer foxtail millet varieties in eastern Hebei province,Jigu 38,Jigu 39 and Jizajinmiao No.1 were used as test materials,and four planting densities of 4.50×10^(5)(M1),5.25×10^(5)(M2),6.00×10^(5)(M3)and 6.75×10^(5) plants/ha(M4)were set in this study.Then the agronomic traits and yield were analyzed.The results showed that the plant height and panicle number increased gradually with increasing planting density,while the stem diameter,area of the top three leaves,panicle length,panicle diameter,spikelet number,weight per panicle,grain weight per panicle,1000-grain weight and milled millet percentage all decreased gradually with the increase of planting density.The panicle number of the three varieties were the highest under M4 treatment,which were significantly higher than that of other treatments.The grain weight per panicle of the three varieties were the highest under M1 treatment,which were 19.13,18.17 and 16.38g,respectively.The 1000-grain weight of the three varieties were the highest under M1 treatment,which were 3.01,2.72 and 2.58g,respectively.The yield of Jigu 38 was the highest under M3 treatment(6339.6kg/ha),which was significantly higher than that of M1 and M2 treatments,increasing by 13.04%and 10.86%,respectively.The yield of Jizajinmiao No.1 was the highest under M3 treatment(5410.0kg/ha),which was significantly higher than that of M1 and M4 treatments,increasing by 23.73%and 7.17%,respectively.The yield of Jigu 39 increased gradually with the increase of planting density,and it was the highest under M4 treatment(6189.0kg/ha),which was significantly higher than that of M1 and M2 treatments,increasing by 19.59%and 11.19%,respectively.

关 键 词：谷子 种植密度 株型性状 穗部性状 产量 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]