热诱导熔接聚氨酯/聚二甲基硅氧烷防水透湿膜的制备及其性能优化  

Preparation and property optimization of waterproof and moisture permeable membrane made from thermally induced fusion bonded polyurethane/polydimethylsiloxane

作　　者：杨广鑫 张庆乐 李小超 李思瑜 陈辉 程璐 夏鑫[1] YANG Guangxin;ZHANG Qingle;LI Xiaochao;LI Siyu;CHEN Hui;CHENG Lu;XIA Xin(College of Textile and Clothing,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China;Xinjiang Jihua 7555 Professional Wear Co.,Ltd.,Changji,Xinjiang 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学纺织与服装学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆际华七五五五职业装有限公司,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第3期28-35,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：天山青年计划项目(2020Q003);昌吉回族自治州科技创新项目(2021F081,2020203)。

摘　　要：为提高纳米纤维膜的防水、透湿和力学性能,在聚氨酯(PU)纺丝液中添加无氟疏水剂聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS),采用静电纺丝法制备静电纺PU/PDMS防水透湿膜,并在此基材上采用静电喷雾法沉积PU/PDMS微球制备静电喷雾PU/PDMS防水透湿膜;利用热诱导工艺分别对静电纺PU/PDMS和静电喷雾PU/PDMS防水透湿膜进行热处理改性,研究了热处理温度和时间对其形貌、孔径分布、防水性能、透气透湿性能及力学性能的影响,并对其影响机制进行分析。结果表明:静电喷雾PU/PDMS防水透湿膜的防水透湿性能优于静电纺PU/PDMS防水透湿膜,但经热处理后由于膜内部产生更多粘连,导致孔隙率降低,防水透湿性能出现下降;热处理后静电纺PU/PDMS防水透湿膜的孔径大大降低,并使其串珠结构向蛛网结构转化,防水性能和力学性能显著提升,当加热温度为100℃,加热时间为90 min时,其水接触角达到144.7°,透湿率为5666.7 g/(m^(2)·d),透气率为9.91 mm/s,断裂强度为17.9 MPa,断裂伸长率为210.7%。Objective This research was an effort to prepare electrospun nanomembranes having good waterproofness,mechanical properties,moisture permeability,improved wearing comfort and required mechanical properties.It also expected to expand the applications of nanomembranes into areas such as outdoor sports,protection and filtration.Method PU/PDMS nanofiber membranes(PU/PDMS NMs)were prepared by electrospinning by adding non-fluorinated hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)into PU spinning solution.The electrostatic sprayed PU/PDMS NMs were then prepared by depositing PU/PDMS microspheres on the PU/PDMS NMs substrate,and the PU/PDMS NMs and electrostatic sprayed PU/PDMS NMs were modified by using a heat thermal induction process,respectively.The influences of heating temperature and heating time on the morphology,pore size distribution,waterproof,permeability and mechanical properties of nanofiber membranes were studied,and the influencing mechanism was analyzed.Results The waterproofness and moisture permeability of the electrostatic sprayed PU/PDMS waterproof and moisture permeable membrane before heat treatment is better than that of the electro spun PU/PDMS waterproof and moisture permeable film(Tab.3),where the waterproofness and moisture permeability of the electrostatic sprayed PU/PDMS waterproof and moisture permeable membrane is greatly improved.Heat treatment of electrostatic sprayed PU/PDMS waterproof permeable membrane achieves the waterproofness and permeability property not as good as that of the heat treatment of electrostatic spun PU/PDMS,mainly because heat treatment of electrostatic sprayed PU/PDMS waterproof permeable membrane causes more adhesion,porosity reduction,making the waterproof and moisture permeability not as good as its electrostatic spun counterpart(Tab.3 and Tab.4).The pore size of the electrospun PU/PDMS NMs after heat treatment was greatly reduced(Tab.2),and the beading structure of the electrospun PU/PDMS NMs was transformed into a spider structure(Fig.3 and Fig.4),which not only grea

关 键 词：聚二甲基硅氧烷 聚氨酯 纳米纤维膜 防水透湿 静电纺丝 静电喷雾 

分 类 号：TS174.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]