沤竹过程中细菌菌群的结构变化和作用  

Structural changes and effects of bacterial community in bamboo retting

作　　者：李宇 傅佳佳 CAVACO-PAULO Artur[1,2] 王鸿博 高卫东 LI Yu;FU Jiajia;CAVACO-PAULO Artur;WANG Hongbo;GAO Weidong(Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Functional Textile,Jiangnan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles(Jiangnan University),Ministry of Education,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学、江苏省功能纺织品工程技术研究中心,江苏无锡214122 [2]江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第3期96-103,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31470509);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019T120390);江苏省政策引导类计划项目(BZ2020010)。

摘　　要：为缩短竹材生物脱胶时间,得到能够满足后道加工的工艺纤维(竹束),并提高成品质量,探索了温水沤竹过程中细菌菌群结构的演替规律及作用机制。采用高通量测序与传统可培养技术相结合的方法,确定了沤竹过程中的优势菌;并结合水沤过程中竹块的形态变化以及竹块与竹束的化学成分差异,分析了菌群在水沤脱胶过程中的作用。结果表明:竹材的水沤脱胶过程以木质素的降解为主,以竹粉为唯一碳源筛选得到的5株菌株,在属水平上仅占总菌群的0.70%~3.21%,优势可培养菌种为黏质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)和枯草芽孢杆菌枯草亚种(Bacillus subtilis subsp.subtilis)。筛选获得的可培养菌种中缺少起发酵作用使竹块膨胀的菌种,因此,预处理-优势菌种复配的联合工艺可以作为一种提高竹脱胶效率的手段。Objective Bacteria produce enzymes,which can hydrolyze the ingredients from bamboo.Based on this understanding,the water-retting process is adopted to extract bamboo fiber bundles.Changes in the bacterial community structure of the water-retting liquid are investigated to reveal key functional bacteria in bamboo-retting process and to obtain high-quality bamboo fiber bundles within less time.Method The images of the cross-section and longitudinal structure of bamboo fiber bundles were recorded by the optical microscope,and the main chemical components of bamboo fiber bundles,such as cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin,and pectin,were evaluated and compared with that of un-retted bamboo culms.High-throughput sequencing and culturable methodology were adopted to explore the dominant strains during bamboo retting.Furthermore,the changes in morphology and chemical components of bamboo were characterized to analyze the effect of bacterial community during the retting.Results The obtained bamboo fiber bundles are composed of many single fibers which are as long as the un-retted bamboo culms.The cellulose content in bamboo fiber bundles increases by 6.56%,while the lignin content declines by 4.01%relative to un-retted bamboo culms(Tab.1).High-throughput sequencing results(Tab.2)provide 39636-57850 sequences,which are classified as 483-900 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)at the similarity level of 97%.Alpha diversity of retting liquid shows high microbial diversity in all the flora.From Fig.3 and Tab.3,14 phyla and 25 genera are detected from 6 samples collected at different retting time periods.At the phylum level,about 99%of the sequences belong to Proteobacteria and Firmicute.Also,Firmicute reaches the highest relative abundance of 29.25%on the 18th day of retting.Pseudomonas and Enterobacter with lignin-decomposing capability are founded as the dominant bacterial throughout the retting at the genus level.The abundances of other lignin-decomposing bacteria(Sphingomonas and Acinetobacter)are higher in the first six days.Th

关 键 词：沤竹 木质素降解 细菌菌群 高通量测序 黏质沙雷氏菌 枯草芽胞杆菌 

分 类 号：TS121.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]