新疆万寿菊褐斑病病原鉴定、生物学特性及室内药剂筛选  

Identification,Biological Characteristics and Indoor Screening of Fungicides of the Pathogen That Causes Marigold Brown Spot Disease in Xinjiang

作　　者：努尔斯曼姑丽·艾海提 魏然[1] 蔡晨宇 张琴 王海云 郭庆元[1] 王丽丽[1] Nuersimanguli Aihaiti;WEI Ran;CAI Chen-yu;ZHANG Qin;WANG Hai-yun;GUO Qing-yuan;WANG Li-li(Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Species in Agriculture&Forestry of the North-western Desert Oasis/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Safety Prevention and Control of Agriculture and Forest Pests/College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Qingdao Yibang Biological Engineering Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266114,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室,农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]青岛易邦生物工程有限公司,青岛266114

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2023年第1期42-49,共8页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1401103-4);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(dxscx2022020)。

摘　　要：为明确新疆万寿菊褐斑病的病原菌种类及其生物学特性,筛选出室内有效杀菌剂。对采自新疆莎车县的万寿菊病害标本采用组织法分离获得单孢纯化的病原菌,通过致病性测定结合形态学特征以及ITS、EF1-α、Alt a1多基因序列系统发育分析对病原菌进行鉴定,并采用菌丝生长速率法测定不同培养基、温度、pH值、碳源、氮源、光照、致死温度处理以及10种常用化学药剂对病原菌菌丝生长的影响。结果表明,新疆万寿菊褐斑病病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima),通过十字交叉法测定病原菌生物学特性,病原菌菌丝在马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(PDA)生长最快,最适pH值为7,相对最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨,在24 h光照条件下生长最好,最适生长温度25℃,致死温度55℃10 min。采用菌落生长速率法,对病原菌进行室内药剂筛选,室内药剂筛选结果表明,25%吡唑醚菌酯和80%乙蒜素抑菌效果相对较好,EC50分别为0.0118μg/mL和0.3007μg/mL。To study the marigold brown spot disease in Shache County,Xinjiang in order to clarify the species and biological characteristics of the pathogeny,and the inhibitory effect of fungicides in laboratory.After the experiments of tissue isolation,single spore purification and pathogenicity determination,it was identified as Alternaria tenuissima based on the morphological characteristics and the phylogenetic analysis based on ITS,EF-1αand Alt a1 gene sequences.Studies on the biological characteristics of the pathogen showed that the mycelial grew the fastest on potato D-gluose agar medium(PDA);the most optimum pH was 7;the highest utilization of carbon source was glucose and nitrogen source was peptone;the mycelial grew the best under 24 h light conditions;the most suitable growth temperature was 25℃;the mycelial could be killed at 55℃for 10 min.By the colony growth rate method,the results of fungicides screening in laboratory showed that 25%pyraclofosfom and 80%acetamiprid showed good inhibition with EC 50 of 0.0118μg/mL and 0.3007μg/mL,respectively.

关 键 词：万寿菊褐斑病 细极链格孢 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]