东平湖水体和沉积物重金属分布及风险评估  

Heavy metal distribution and risk assessment of Dongping Lake water bodies and sediments

作　　者：艾留唤 马秉 邵世伟 田侠[1] 张磊[1] AI Liuhuan;MA Bing;SHAO Shiwei;TIAN Xia;ZHANG Lei(School of Environment and Science,Qingdao Agriculture University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2023年第2期126-131,共6页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41101094);青岛市农业机械服务中心环境保护项目(6602420063)。

摘　　要：为了解东平湖水体和沉积物中Cr、Hg、Pb、Cd和As 5种重金属的污染特征及空间分布,评价其生态风险,测定了水体和沉积物中5种重金属的含量,通过相关性和主成分分析方法探究其重金属来源,并利用潜在生态风险指数法评估了其生态风险。结果表明,东平湖水体Cr、Hg、Pb、Cd和As的平均含量分别为4.53、0.04、7.51、0.77和5.92μg/L,5种重金属的含量均符合地表水中Ⅲ类水标准。东平湖沉积物Cr、Hg、Pb、Cd和As的平均含量分别为59.41、0.05、22.21、0.27和18.43 mg/kg,分别是黄河沉积物背景值的0.99、3.33、1.48、3.51和2.46倍,其中仍有少数点位Cr含量略高。相关性分析和主成分分析结果表明,东平湖的重金属污染的主要来源是农业和工矿业。东平湖沉积物的潜在生态危害程度为中度水平,Hg、Cd的贡献率比较高,各重金属元素的潜在生态危害系数(Eri)均值大小排序为Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cr。南水北调工程有效地降低了东平湖水体和沉积物中的重金属含量。To understand the pollution characteristics and spatial distribution of five heavy metals,Cr,Hg,Pb,Cd and As,and their ecological risk assessments in the water bodies and sediments of Dongping Lake,the contents of the five heavy metals in the water and sediment were measured.Their sources were explored by using the correlation and principal component analysis,and their ecological risks were evaluated by using the potential ecological risk index method.The results showed that the average contents of Cr,Hg,Pb,Cd and As in Dongping Lake water were 4.53,0.04,7.51,0.77 and 5.92μg/L,respectively,and the contents of the five heavy metals met the standard of Class III water for surface water.The average contents of Cr,Hg,Pb,Cd and As in Dongping Lake sediments were 59.41,0.05,22.21,0.27 and 18.43 mg/kg,which were 0.99,3.33,1.48,3.51,and 2.46 times of the background values of Yellow River sediments respectively.And there were still a few points with slightly higher Cr contents.The results of correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that the main sources of heavy metal pollutions in Dongping Lake were agriculture and industrial as well as mining industries.The potential ecological hazard level of Dongping Lake sediments was moderate.The contribution of Hg and Cd was relatively high,and the mean value of the potential ecological hazard coefficient()of each heavy metal element was ranked as Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cr.The South-North Water Transfer Project effectively reduced the heavy metal content in the water bodies and the sediments of Dongping Lake.

关 键 词：重金属 空间分布 溯源 风险评估 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]