滚刀-高移速水射流耦合切削极硬花岗岩试验与模拟研究  

Experimental and simulation study on cutting extremely hard granite by disc cutter-high velocity waterjet coupling

作　　者：贺飞 张金良 鲁义强 罗星臣 夏毅敏[1] HE Fei;ZHANG Jinliang;LU Yiqiang;LUO Xingchen;XIA Yimin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450016,China;Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin,Ministry of Water Resources(under construction),Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中铁工程装备集团有限公司,河南郑州450016 [3]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 [4]水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室(筹),河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期1187-1203,共17页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省创新型省份建设专项经费资助项目(2019GK1010);国家重点研发计划“科技助力经济2020”重点专项(2020YFF0426370);水利部技术示范项目(SF-202010);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204108);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20210212)。

摘　　要：目前,全断面隧道掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)滚刀与高压水射流耦合破岩研究中,水射流切槽大多由低移速水射流切割而成,这与实际情况下耦合在TBM刀盘上的高移速水射流所制备的切槽不同,进而影响滚刀-水射流耦合破岩结果的可靠性。针对上述问题,采用2种喷嘴直径(0.5 mm和0.7 mm)、3种移速(1.8,2.4和3.0 m/s)的高移速水射流,耦合小尺度TBM滚刀(刃宽为2.3 mm和直径为43.2 mm),对极硬花岗岩进行切削试验,研究不同切削模式下的岩石破碎效果、滚刀法向力以及破岩比能的变化规律,同时开展全尺度滚刀与高移速水射流切槽耦合破岩的数值模拟,作为小尺度破岩试验的补充。研究结果表明:高移速水射流切槽的底长和高度随喷嘴直径的增大而增大,随喷嘴移速的增大而减小;在共轨破岩试验中,小滚刀下方岩石被高移速水射流部分移除,导致破岩载荷和破岩效率降低;在错轨破岩试验中,当小滚刀与水射流切槽间距大于15 mm时,水射流切槽辅助滚刀破岩效果趋于消失,当间距为12 mm时,水射流切槽辅助滚刀破岩效果最显著,破岩比能比纯滚刀切削降低68%;由于高移速水射流切槽小、滚刀刃宽大,导致切槽对滚刀破岩的辅助效果很小。为提升高移速水射流辅助TBM滚刀破岩效果,建议提升水射流的切割能力从而提升切槽深度,适当减小滚刀刃宽从而提升滚刀贯入岩石的能力,适当减小滚刀与切槽间距从而发挥切槽临空辅助破岩作用。In the existing research on the rock breaking by the coupling of the cutter of the full face tunnel boring machine(TBM)and the high-pressure water jet,the water jet cutting groove is mostly prepared by the low velocity water jet or replaced by sawing,which is different from the cutting groove prepared by high velocity water jet coupled on the TBM cutterhead in the actual situation,thus affecting the reliability of the rock breaking results by the coupling of the cutter−water jet.In order to solve the above problems,high velocity water jets with two diameters(0.5 mm and 0.7 mm)and three velocities(1.8,2.4 and 3.0 m/s)were used to couple small-scale TBM cutters(blade width 2.3 mm and diameter 43.2 mm)to carry out cutting tests on extremely hard anorthosite granite,the change law of rock breaking effect,the normal force of the cutter and the rock breaking specific energy in different cutting modes.The numerical simulation of rock breaking by the coupling of full-scale cutter and high velocity water jet was carried out as a supplement to the small-scale rock breaking test.The results show that the bottom length and height of the high velocity water jet groove increase with the increase of the nozzle diameter and decrease with the increase of the nozzle velocity.In the common rail rock breaking test,the rock under the small-scale cutter is partially removed by the high-speed water jet,resulting in the reduction of rock breaking load and rock breaking efficiency.In the cross track rock breaking test,when the distance between the small cutter and the water jet cutting groove is greater than 15 mm,the effect of the cutting groove on the free rock breaking of the cutter tends to disappear.When the distance is 12 mm,the effect of the water jet cutting groove on the rock breaking is the most significant,and the rock breaking specific energy is reduced by 68%compared with the pure cutter cutting.The auxiliary effect of cutting groove on rock breaking by cutter is very weak due to the too small cutting groove of high veloci

关 键 词：全断面隧道掘进机 滚刀 高移速水射流 破岩试验 颗粒簇离散元方法 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]