挡水壁厚度对收缩薄壁堰流量系数影响的实验研究  

Experimental Research on the Discharge Coefficient of Thin-crest Contracted Weir with Different Retaining Wall Thickness

作　　者：张春霞 刘晓蓬 张靖[2] ZHANG Chun-xia;LIU Xiao-peng;ZHANG Jing(Taian Hydrology,Taian 271000,Shandong Province,China;College of Water Conservancy andCivil Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省泰安市水文中心,山东泰安271000 [2]山东农业大学水利土木工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第4期177-181,188,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目(ZR2020QE286);泰安市水文中心徂徕山水保监测站量水堰过流能力模型试验及应用研究项目。

摘　　要：在实际工程中,一些矩形薄壁量水堰采用较厚的混凝土墙作为侧收缩堰的两侧挡水壁,导致过流堰板与挡水壁厚度不同。这一改动增加了量水堰的安全性,但与规范中的标准情况不同,可能对过流能力产生一定的影响。为了研究矩形收缩堰在考虑挡水壁厚度情况下的流量系数计算方法,研究进行了收缩比为0.5时的6个厚度比的侧收缩薄壁堰在一系列流量下的物理模型实验,并对水舌形态进行了观察与记录。实验表明收缩堰的挡水壁厚度对流量系数有一定影响。经对比后发现,测量规范中现有的收缩堰的流量系数计算公式不能很好体现出边壁厚度的影响。因此,依据实验结果,本研究采用回归关系方法建立了考虑厚度比D/d和h/P的收缩堰流量系数计算公式,可供工程中参考。In practical engineering,many rectangular thin-crest measuring weirs use thick concrete walls as the retaining wall of side con⁃tracted weirs,leading to the different thickness of the weir and the retaining wall.This change increases the safety of measuring weirs,but different from the standard situation in the specification,and may have a certain impact on overflow capacity.In order to study the calculation of discharge coefficient of rectangular contracted weir considering the thickness of retaining wall,the hydraulic experiments of contracted weir with 6 thickness ratios with contracted ratio of 0.5 are carried out while the nappe over weir is observed and recorded.The experimental results show that the thickness of the retaining wall of the contracted weir has an obvious influence on the discharge coefficient after compari⁃son.Therefore,the calculation formula of the discharge coefficient of the contracted weir in the existing Measurement Specification did not ex⁃press the influence of the sidewall thickness.Based on the experimental data,the calculation formula of discharge coefficient of contracted weir considering thickness ratio D/d and h/P is established by regression relationship method,which can be used as a reference in practice.

关 键 词：收缩堰 收缩比 厚度比 流量系数 

分 类 号：TV13[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]