谦抑性视阈下无被害人犯罪探析--兼论谦抑性的反思与重构  

An Analysis on Victimless Crimes from the Perspective of Austerity--Concurrently on the Reflection and Reconstruction of Austerity

作　　者：邹子铭 ZOU Ziming(School of law,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《江苏科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期63-70,共8页Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论重点研究项目“中国特色轻罪体系建构研究”(14SFB1004);苏州大学第二十四批课外学术科研基金“我国特色轻罪问题研究”(KY20220616B)。

摘　　要：无被害人犯罪是指违反道德风化类的犯罪,虽然形式上具有妨害社会管理的风险,但实质上并不会对案外人权益造成实际侵害,因而不应当被认定为犯罪。从刑法谦抑性视阈出发,无被害人犯罪非罪化或轻罪化存在合理性和正当性,制定无被害人犯罪出罪空间与规制合乎比例的制裁方法亦为现行谦抑性理论的一场检讨战争。因此,撇清我国刑法关于无被害人犯罪的暧昧态度对谦抑性的反思与重构有着十分重要的意义。刑法应正视无被害人犯罪体系,帮助其成长的同时亦给出空间,以适应风险社会行为高度入罪化的需要。我国应以法益危害性为中心,对违反风化类犯罪采用行政化或道德化处理模式,为我国轻罪化与非罪化立法提供启示。The victimless crime refers to the crime against moral decency,which runs the risk of impairing social management in form,but does not actually infringe on the rights and interests of outsiders in essence.In this regard,acts should not be considered crimes.From the perspective of austerity of the criminal law,there is rationality and legitimacy in the decriminalization or misdemeanor of victimless crimes.On the contrary,it is also a review war for the current austerity theory to establish the punishment method in proportion to the crime space and regulation of victimless crimes.Therefore,it is of great significance for the reflection and reconstruction of austerity to clear the ambiguous attitude of our criminal law towards victimless crimes.The criminal law should face up to the victimless crime system,help it grow and at the same time make room for the criminal circle to meet the needs of high criminalization of risky social behaviors.Our country should take the harmfulness of legal interests as the center,and adopt administrative or moralization treatment mode for the crimes against weathering,so as to inspire our legislation of misdemeanor and decriminalization.

关 键 词：无被害人犯罪 谦抑性 非罪化 轻罪化 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]