近代燕京大学与金陵大学农业改良路线的对抗  

The Confrontation on the Routes of Modem Agricultural Improvement between Yenching University and Jinling University

作　　者：毛逸群 Mao Yiqun(Department of History,Lingnan University,Hong Kong 999077)

机构地区：[1]香港岭南大学,中国香港999077

出　　处：《古今农业》2023年第1期63-73,共11页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

基　　金：香港岭南大学Direct Grant(101185)阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：民国时期,金陵大学与燕京大学分别于南北最先引入美国农业模式。两校农科于1926年、1930年爆发两次纷争,究其本质,是金大"全国化"路线与燕大"地方化"路线的对抗。金大主张以其为中心在南北构建一个统筹协调的改良网络,借助各地教会中学将技术与人才输送乡村,并以作物育种为主要领域。燕大基于南北差异,认为在华北应当建立专为地区农业服务的大学农科,并立足北方民情提出直接由大学培养人才输送乡村、作物育种与畜牧园艺齐头并进的改良路线。然而燕大农科最终被金大接管,"地方化"路线的探索戛然中止。本文通过金大与燕大农业路线的对比,发掘燕大路线的价值,并对种种困境下燕大路线的失败进行反思。In the Republic of China,Jinling University and Yenching University were the first to introduce the American agricultural model in the south and north respectively.In 1926 and 1930,two conflicts broke out between the agricultural departments of the two universities.In essence?it was the confrontation between Jinling's nationalizedw route and YenchingJs"localized"route.Jinling advocated nationally building a comprehensive and coordinated network with itself as the center.Local churches and middle schools should transfer technology and technicians to villages,and crop breeding was the main field for improvement.Based on the differences between the north and the south,Yenching believed that an agricultural university should be established in North China to serve regional agriculture,and proposed to train professionals by the university and directly dispatched them to villages.However,the agricultural department of Yenching was eventually taken over by Jinling,and the exploration of the"localized"route was abruptly suspended.This paper examines the value of the Yenching route through the comparison of the routes adopted by the two universities?and reflects on its failure under various predicaments.

关 键 词：农业改良 地方化 燕京大学 金陵大学 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学]