秋播冬麦区矮秆基因RhtB1b、RhtD1b和Rht8的分布频率及其与产量性状的关系  

Distribution Frequency of Dwarf Genes RhtB1b,RhtD1b,and Rht8 in Autumn-Sown Winter Wheat Area and Their Relationship with Yield Traits

作　　者：张凯 兰素缺[1] 金京京 张颖君[1] 彭晓慧 李杏普[1] 张业伦[1] ZHANG Kai;LAN Suque;JIN Jingjing;ZHANG Yingjun;PENG Xiaohui;LI Xingpu;ZHANG Yelun(Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所/河北省作物遗传育种实验室,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第4期399-408,共10页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200601);河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新工程课题资助项目(2022KJCXZX-LYS-3);河北省现代种业科技创新专项(21326318D);河北省重点研发计划项目(19226361D,20326345D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HBCT2018010201)。

摘　　要：为给小麦株高和产量的遗传改良提供参考依据,利用Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b基因的STS分子标记BF/MR1和BF/WR1、DF1/MR2和DF2/WR2,以及Rht8基因的微卫星标记Xgwm261,对237份不同生态区秋播小麦材料进行分子标记检测,并分析Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8对株高及产量相关性状的影响。结果表明:(1)在分布频率方面,Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8在秋播冬小麦中的频率较高,其中携带Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8的小麦材料分别占比16.5%、47.9%和44.1%;聚合两个矮秆基因(Rht-D1b+Rht8、Rht-B1b+Rht8和Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b)的小麦材料占比25.4%;聚合三个矮秆基因(Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b+Rht8)的小麦材料占比2.1%;(2)在分布特点方面,不同冬麦区存在一定偏好性:北部冬麦区、黄淮冬麦区、长江中下游冬麦区均以Rht-D1b、Rht8和Rht-D1b+Rht8为主;西南冬麦区以Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8为主,西南冬麦区以Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Rht8为主;(3)在降秆效应方面,降秆效果从强到弱依次为(Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b+Rht8)>(Rht-D1b+Rht8)>(Rht-B1b+Rht8)>Rht-D1b>Rht-B1b>Rht8;(4)在产量结构特点方面,携带Rht-D1b和Rht8的材料总体上具有较高的千粒重和单位面积穗数,携带Rht-B1b的材料具有较高的穗粒数,但矮秆基因本身与产量因子间无显著的遗传相关性。In order to provide reference for genetic improvement of wheat plant height and yield,specific molecular markers BF/MR1 and BF/WR1,DF1/MR2 and DF2/WR2 of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b genes,and Xgwm261,a microsatellite marker of Rht8,were used for molecular analysis on 237 winter wheat materials in different ecological regions.The effects of Rht-B1b,Rht-D1b and Rht8 on plant height and yield-related traits were analyzed.The results showed that in terms of the distribution of dwarf genes,Rht-B1b,Rht-D1b and Rht8 have a higher distribution frequency in autumn-sown winter wheat,and the wheat materials carrying Rht-B1b,Rht-D1b and Rht8 accounted for 16.5%,47.9%and 44.1%,respectively;The wheat materials carrying two dwarf genes(Rht-D1b+Rht8,Rht-B1b+Rht8 or Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b)accounted for 25.4%;The wheat materials carrying three dwarf genes(Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b+Rht8)accounted for 2.1%.In terms of the distribution characteristics of dwarf genotypes,there was a certain preference in different winter wheat regions:Rht-D1b,Rht8 and Rht-D1b+Rht8 are the main types in the northern winter wheat region,Huanghuai winter wheat area and the middle-lower Yangtze River wheat areas;Rht-B1b,Rht-D1b,and Rht8 are the main types in the southwest winter wheat area.The order of stalk reduction effect from strong to weak is(Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b+Rht8)>(Rht-D1b+Rht8)>(Rht-B1b+Rht8)>Rht-D1b>Rht-B1b>Rht8.In terms of yield components of germplasms carrying different dwarf genes,the materials with Rht-D1b and Rht8 generally have higher 1000-grain weight and number of panicles per unit area;the materials with Rht-B1b had higher grain number per ear,but there was no significant genetic correlation between dwarf gene itself and yield components.

关 键 词：冬小麦 矮秆基因 STS标记 株高 地区分布 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330