拉萨长期不同施肥青稞田土壤固氮菌分离鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Soil Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Highland Barley Land with Different Long-Term Fertilization in Lhasa

作　　者：马瑞萍 戴相林 刘国一 谢永春 普布贵吉 张国新[2] MA Ruiping;DAI Xianglin;LIU Guoyi;XIE Yongchun;PUBU Guiji;ZHANG Guoxin(Institute of Resources and Environment,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China;Institute of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Tangshan,Hebei 063299,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业资源与环境研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [2]河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所,河北唐山063299

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第4期505-512,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001702-3);西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ2019ZRG-98);河北农科院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-BHS-7)。

摘　　要：为寻找拉萨青稞田自生固氮菌,丰富当地固氮菌资源,以减少化肥使用量,降低环境负效应,本研究从6种长期不同施肥模式定位试验的青稞田土壤中进行固氮菌的分离、纯化,观察其菌落形态特征并测定各菌株的固氮酶活性,通过16S rDNA基因测序和构建系统发育树分析了各菌株的分类学地位。结果显示,通过分离和纯化,共得到自生固氮菌50株,其中13株菌具有高效固氮酶活性,分别属于假食酸菌属(Pseudacidovorax)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus)、农杆菌属(Agrobacterium)。施用化肥会减少土壤中高效固氮菌种类,不施化肥或施用有机肥能丰富土壤中高效固氮菌种类。In order to identify voluntary nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Lhasa highland barley fields and enrich local nitrogen-fixing bacteria resources to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and reduce negative environmental effects,this study isolated and purified nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the soil of six long-term fertilization modes in the highland barley field.The morphological characteristics of the colonies were observed and the nitrogenase activity of each strain was determined.The taxonomic status of each strain was studied by 16S rDNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction.The results showed that a total of 50 strains of autogenic nitrogen-fixing bacteria were obtained.Among them,13 strains had high nitrogenase activity,belonging to the genus Pseudacidovorax,Bacillus,Rhodococcus and Agrobacterium.The application of chemical fertilizers will reduce the efficient nitrogen-fixing bacteria species in the soil,the application of organic fertilizers can enrich the species of high-efficient nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil.

关 键 词：长期施肥 青稞农田 固氮菌 西藏高原 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311