谱减法波束形成的轴承噪声信号增强研究  

Research on bearing noise signal enhancement by spectral subtraction beamforming

作　　者：江文涛 伍星[1,2] 柳小勤 JIANG Wentao;WU Xing;LIU Xiaoqin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Vocational College of Mechanical and Electrical Technology,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,云南省昆明市650500 [2]云南机电职业技术学院,云南省昆明市650000

出　　处：《农业装备与车辆工程》2023年第4期113-117,共5页Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering

摘　　要：当机械设备在运转时,由于各个零件自身与环境的影响会产生噪声、声音反射等一系列问题,导致从传声器阵列采集的信息中很难提故障信息。为了解决这一问题,基于声阵列采集到的信号与近场波束形成的关系,研究了一种增强声源信号的方法。该方法首先利用波束形成延迟求和的方法对故障点的位置进行定位,根据定位结果对每个通道采集的信号进行相位和幅值补偿后叠加。选取一段主要为噪声信号的频率段信息对信号进行功率估计,然后利用叠加后的信号作为谱减法算法的输入信号,对输入信号计算其功率并与噪声段的估计功率相减,以此进行降噪处理并得到增强后的信号。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地抑制噪声,提高输出信号的信噪比,根据故障特征频率对轴承进行故障诊断。When mechanical equipment is in operation,a series of problems such as noise and sound reflection will occur due to the influence of each part itself and the environment,which makes it difficult to mention the fault information from the information collected from the microphone array.In order to solve this problem,a method of enhancing sound source signal is studied based on the relationship between the signal collected by sound array and near-field beamforming.Firstly,the position of the fault point is located by using the Beamforming Delay Summation method.According to the positioning results,the signals collected by each channel are superimposed after phase and amplitude compensation.Select a section of frequency band information that is mainly noise signal to estimate the power of the signal,and then use the superimposed signal as the input signal of spectral subtraction algorithm to calculate the power of the input signal and subtract it from the estimated power of noise section,so as to denoise and obtain the enhanced signal.The experimental results show that this method can effectively suppress the noise,improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal,and diagnose the bearing fault according to the fault characteristic frequency.

关 键 词：波束形成 谱减法 信噪比 轴承 故障诊断 

分 类 号：U462.3[机械工程—车辆工程]