不同处理方法对滇黄精出苗的影响  

Effects of Different Treatment Methods of Polygonatum yunnanensis on the Emergence of Seedlings

作　　者：郭乔仪 张天祥 鲁菊芬 赵坚能 严燕 王洪丽 张金渝[2] GUO Qiaoyi;ZHANG Tianxiang;LU Jufen;ZHAO Jianneng;YAN Yan;WANG Hongli;ZHANG Jinyu(Chuxiong Technician College,Chuxiong Yunnan 675000,China;Institute of Medicinal Plant,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650223,China)

机构地区：[1]楚雄技师学院,云南楚雄675000 [2]云南省农科院药用植物研究所,昆明650223

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2023年第1期64-67,73,共5页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(2018 ZF 010);云南省科技计划项目(2017 RA 001)。

摘　　要：为研究滇黄精果实及种子不同处理方法对出苗的影响,本试验对果实进行不同贮藏和去果皮处理,对种子进行不同贮藏、激素和消毒处理,观测各处理种子出苗率,通过统计分析筛选处理方法。结果表明,室内摊开堆捂果实的方法,以及手搓洗砂藏10 d再混砂搓揉去除残留果皮的方法均显著提高了种子出苗率(达90%以上);种子采用砂藏层积处理方法出苗率最高达88.7%,较室内干藏处理高27.4%;同时,采用乙烯利和赤·吲乙·芸苔的激素处理均可缩短种胚完成后熟的时间,浓度为200 mg/L的赤·吲乙·芸苔处理出苗时间最短,播种后68 d可出苗。滇黄精果实及种子的不同处理方法对出苗存在显著差异。果实堆捂和去除果皮方法均影响种子质量,间接影响出苗率,合理的果实处理方法是提高出苗率的前提保障。砂藏层积处理是促进种子胚形态后熟的主要方法,采用激素处理可显著缩短出苗时间,但消毒处理对种子出苗影响不显著。To study the effects of different treatment methods of the fruits and seeds of Polygonatum yunnanensis on the emergence of seedlings,the fruits were treated with different storage and peeling,the seeds were treated with different storage,hormones and disinfection,the emergence rate of each treated seed was observed,and the treatment method was screened through statistical analysis.Results showed that the method of spreading out the pile and covering the fruits indoors and the method of rubbing and rubbing to remove the residual peel after 10 days of sand storage by hand scrub significantly increased the seedling rate of more than 90%.The emergence rate of the seed using the sand storage stratification method was as high as 88.7%,which was 27.4%higher than that of indoor dry storage treatment.At the same time,the hormone treatment using ethylene and GA·IAA·BR moss could shorten the time of masquar after the seed embryo.The shortest seedling emergence time was treated with GA·IAA·BR at the concentration of 200 mg/L and 68 d could produce seedlings after seeding.There were significant differences in the emergence of seedlings in different treatment methods of P.yunnanensis fruits and seeds.The methods of fruit stacking and peel removal affect the quality of seeds and indirectly affect the emergence rate.Reasonable fruit processing methods were the prerequisite guarantee for improving the emergence rate.Sand storage stratification treatment was the main method to promote the maturity of seed embryo morphology.The use of hormone treatment could significantly shorten the emergence time,but the disinfection treatment had no significant effect on the emergence of seeds.

关 键 词：滇黄精 果实处理 种子处理 出苗率 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]