机载全极化微波辐射计系统设计及海面亮温的提取方法  

Design of Airborne Full Polarization Microwave Radiometer System and Extraction Method of Sea Surface Brightness Temperature

作　　者：王振占 丁甲 陆浩 刘璟怡 佟晓林 李彬 董帅 王特 霍长兴 叶云华 张祥坤 董晓龙 WANG Zhen-zhan;DING Jia;LU Hao;LIU Jing-yi;TONG Xiao-lin;LI Bin;DONG Shuai;WANG Te;HUO Chang-xing;YE Yun-hua;ZHANG Xiang-kun;DONG Xiao-long(Key Laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing,National Space Science Center,CAS,Beijing 100190,China;Schoool of Electronic,Electrical and Eommunication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100149,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100149,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心中国科学院微波遥感技术重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100149 [3]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京100149

出　　处：《电子学报》2023年第2期275-285,共11页Acta Electronica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41771405)。

摘　　要：机载全极化微波辐射计(Airborne full Polarization Microwave Radiometer,APMR)是国家重大科技基础设施航空遥感系统的主要载荷之一,用于获取来自地球表面和大气的微波辐射电场的极化信息,从而反演地球表面和大气的物理参数.APMR是一个5频点的被动微波遥感器,中心频点分别为10.7 GHz,18.7 GHz,23.8 GHz,37.0 GHz和90 GHz.其中,23.8 GHz和90 GHz采用水平和垂直极化接收方式;10.7 GHz,18.7 GHz和37.0 GHz采用全极化接收方式,同时接收观测场景辐射的4个Stokes参数亮温.该文在介绍我国第一台机载全极化微波辐射计APMR系统主要技术特点和基本性能指标的基础上,提出了由辐射计输出参数进行全极化定标、再进行海面亮温提取的二级数据处理方法,从而得到海面亮温的4个Stokes参数信息,其可用于海面风向、风速等参数的反演.APMR于2020年6月在东营进行了海上的搭载飞行试验,从实验结果中提取到的海面亮温与预期情况一致,这使仪器的工作性能以及海面亮温的提取方法得到验证,为未来机载平台获得海洋表面参数提供了新的技术手段.APMR(Airborne full Polarization Microwave Radiometer)is one of the main loads of the national major scientific and technological infrastructure aviation remote sensing system,which is used to obtain the polarization microwave radiation electric field information from the earth's surface and atmosphere,so as to retrieve the physical parameters of the earth's surface and atmosphere.APMR is a passive microwave remote sensor with 5 frequency points,and the central frequency points are 10.7 GHz,18.7 GHz,23.8 GHz,37.0 GHz and 90 GHz respectively.Among them,horizontal and vertical polarization reception is adopted at 23.8 GHz and 90 GHz;and full polarization reception is adopted at 10.7 GHz,18.7 GHz and 37.0 GHz,and four Stokes parameter brightness temperatures of observed scene radiation are received at the same time.Based on the introduction of the main technical characteristics and basic performance indexes of the APMR system of China's first airborne full polarization microwave radiometer,this paper puts forward a two-step data processing method which consists of full polarization calibrationand sea surface brightness temperature extraction,so as to obtain the four Stokes parameter information of sea surface brightness temperature,which can be used for the inversion of sea surface wind direction,wind speed and other parameters.Sea surface test of APMR have been carried out in Dongying in June 2020.The sea surface brightness temperature extracted from the experimental results is consistent with the expected situation,which verifies the working performance of the instrument and the extraction method of sea surface brightness temperature,and provides a new technical means for the future airborne platform to obtain ocean surface parameters.

关 键 词：机载微波辐射计 全极化 定标 天线方向图 海面亮温 

分 类 号：TP732.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP721.1[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]