微光场景下的时空域EMCCD视频降噪算法  

Spatio-Temporal Domain EMCCD Video Noise Reduction Algorithm in Low Light Scene

作　　者：陈作钧 秦品乐[1] 柴锐 赵鹏程 沈吉 CHEN Zuojun;QIN Pinle;CHAI Rui;ZHAO Pengcheng;SHEN Ji(School of Data Science and Technology,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Suzhou R&D Center of the 214th Research Institute of Norinco Group,Suzhou 215163,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学大数据学院,山西太原030051 [2]中国兵器工业第214研究所苏州研发中心,江苏苏州215163

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期168-175,共8页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省“揭榜挂帅”重大专项(202101010101018);山西省重点研发项目(201803D31212-1)。

摘　　要：针对EMCCD(Electron-Multiplying Charge-Coupled Device)在微光条件下捕获的视频噪声大(峰值信噪比低于25 dB)的问题,提出一种降噪效果好且计算复杂度低的改进时空联合降噪算法EMVDE(EMCCD Video Denoising,用于EMCCD的视频降噪算法)。EMVDE在时域上执行改进卡尔曼滤波与像素相似度加权帧平均结合的算法进行运动估计和消除帧间噪声,空域上执行双边滤波、直方图均衡以及去斜条纹算法进行细节增强。在数据集上的实验结果表明,与原始大噪声视频帧(光照度0.002 lx)相比,降噪后视频帧的峰值信噪比平均提升了9.18 dB,结构相似度平均提升了0.43,视觉效果得到了明显提升;同时,EMVDE算法基于FPGA硬件实现仅占用30%的LUT和36%的I/O资源,工作频率高达22MHz,能够满足以25 fps的速率处理视频序列的需求。Aiming at the problem of high noise in the video(peak signal-to-noise ratio less than 25 dB)captured by EMCCD under low light condition,an improved spatio-temporal joint denoising algorithm(EMCCD Video Denoising,EMVDE)was proposed,which has good denoising effect and low computational complexity.EMVDE implemented an algorithm combining improved Kalman filtering with pixel similarity weighted frame averaging in time domain to estimate motion and eliminate interframe noise.In spatial domain,it performed bilateral filtering,histogram equalization and diagonal stripe remove algorithm for detail enhancement.The experimental results on the data set show that compared with the original high-noise video frame(Illuminance 0.002 lx),the peak signal-to-noise ratio of the denoised video frame is improved by 9.18 dB on average,the structural similarity is increased by 0.43 on average,and the visual effect is improved obviously.At the same time,based on FPGA hardware,the EMVDE algorithm realizes only 30%of LUT and 36%of I/O resources,and its working frequency is as high as 22 MHz,which can meet the requirement of processing video sequence at 25 fps rate.

关 键 词：EMCCD 微光夜视 卡尔曼滤波 噪声抑制 双边滤波 图像处理 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]