浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区黑麂和小麂潜在适宜栖息地预测及重叠性分析  

Potential suitable habitats prediction and overlap analysis of black muntjac(Muntiacus crinifrons)and small muntjac(M.reevesi)in Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：胡娟 谢培根 梅祎芸 郭瑞 宋虓 李婷婷 徐爱春 HU Juan;XIE Peigen;MEI Yiyun;GUO Rui;SONG Xiao;LI Tingting;XU Aichun(College of Life Sciences,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Museum of Natural History,Hangzhou 310014,China;Administrative Bureau of Zhejiang Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学生命科学学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江自然博物院,杭州310014 [3]浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区管理局,杭州311300

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第6期2210-2219,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省珍稀濒危野生动植物抢救保护工程(2021—2025);国家自然科学基金(32101405)。

摘　　要：对保护区内的关键种开展保护工作时,其同域分布相似种的保护研究也具有重要价值。较大地理尺度上看,黑麂的分布区被小麂完全覆盖,如能掌握二者适宜栖息地的重叠状况,揭示其共存机制,将有助于保护策略的制定和整合管理。2017—2020年在浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区利用红外相机技术分别获得黑麂和小麂的分布位点38个和101个,结合8个环境因子,采用MaxEnt模型对研究区域内黑麂和小麂的潜在适宜栖息地进行了预测和重叠性分析。结果表明:(1)黑麂和小麂潜在适宜栖息地主要位于龙塘山区域西南部,千顷塘区域中部和顺溪坞区域西北部,以及千顷塘区域与龙塘山区域间的山脉和顺溪坞南部山区,二者的潜在适宜栖息地面积分别586.66 km^(2)和661.93 km^(2),分别占研究区域的36.67%和41.37%。(2)黑麂和小麂的生态重叠指数较高,其D值和I值分别为0.82和0.97,它们的总适宜栖息地重叠面积为435.39 km^(2),分别占黑麂和小麂总适宜栖息地面积的72.22%、65.78%。(3)黑麂和小麂对环境因子的选择相似,黑麂主要选择海拔较高、离水源较近、离居民点和公路较远的针阔混交林或阔叶林,小麂则主要偏好选择海拔较高、靠近公路、远离居民点、距水源500 m范围的针阔混交林。建议增加浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区各区域间生态廊道的建立并加强黑麂和小麂分布的进一步调查研究。When carrying out conservation on key species in the protected areas,research on the conservation of similar species with their sympatric distribution is also of great value.On a larger geographical scale,the distribution area of black muntjac is completely covered by small muntjac.If we can grasp the overlapping status of the suitable habitats of them and reveal their coexistence mechanism,it will help to formulate conservation strategies and integrate management.From 2017 to 2020,the infrared camera technology was used to obtain 38 and 101 distribution sites of black muntjac and small muntjac,respectively,in Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve,Zhejiang Province.Combined with 8 environmental factors,the MaxEnt model was used to predict the potential suitable habitats and analyze their overlap of black muntjac and small muntjac in the study area.The results show that:(1)the potentially suitable habitats for the black muntjac and small muntjac are mainly located in the southwest of Longtangshan area,the middle of Qianqingtang area and the northwest of Shunxiwu area,the mountains between Qianqingtang protection area and Longtangshan protection area,and the southern mountainous area of Shunxiwu.The total potentially suitable habitat areas are 586.66 km^(2)and 661.93 km 2,and accounting for 36.67%and 41.37%of the study area,respectively.(2)The ecological overlap index of black muntjac and small muntjac is relatively high,the D value and I value are 0.82 and 0.97,respectively.Their total suitable habitat overlap area is 435.39 km^(2),accounting for 74.22%and 65.78%of the total suitable habitat area for the black muntjac and small muntjac,respectively.(3)The selection of environmental factors between black muntjac and small muntjac is similar.Black muntjac mainly chooses the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests or broad-leaved forests with higher altitude,closer to water sources,and far away from settlements and roads,while small muntjac mainly prefers to select a mixed forest of coniferous and broadleaf forests

关 键 词：生态位 最大熵模型 红外相机 麂属动物 潜在适宜栖息地 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]