氮添加对川西高寒灌丛凋落枝化学计量特征及养分归还的影响  

Effects of nitrogen addition on stoichiometric characteristics and nutrient return of twig litter in an alpine shrubland of western Sichuan Plateau,China

作　　者：房福金 肖金兰 王东 FANG Fujin;XIAO Jinlan;WANG Dong(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization(Chengdu Institute of Biology),Chengdu 610041,China;Collaboration Innovation Center for Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(China West Normal University),Ministry of Education,Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院,南充637009 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,成都610041 [3]西华师范大学组织修复材料与工程技术中心,南充637009 [4]西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,南充637009

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第7期2927-2937,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(31901193);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2022NSFSC1737);西华师范大学青年教师科研资助项目(22KB005);西华师范大学校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(cxcy2020265)。

摘　　要：氮(N)是陆地生态系统初级生产力的重要限制因子,大气N沉降的增加将会对植物的化学元素含量和生物量产生重要影响,进而影响凋落物的化学计量特征及其养分归还。高寒灌丛是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,但有关N沉降对高寒灌丛凋落物尤其是凋落枝的化学元素和生物量的研究还较为缺乏,难以深入揭示N沉降对高寒灌丛土壤碳(C)和养分循环的影响机理。基于此,以青藏高原东部地区的优势高寒灌丛类型—窄叶鲜卑花(Sibiraea angustata(Rehd.)Hand.-Mazz.)灌丛为研究对象,连续4年人工模拟N沉降,分析了凋落枝C、N、磷(P)、木质素和纤维素化学计量特征及其归还量对不同N添加浓度(0、20、50、100 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))的响应趋势。结果表明:(1)N添加对凋落枝C、N含量无显著性影响(P>0.05),而对P、木质素和纤维素含量有显著性影响(P<0.05),但不同年份间的影响趋势不一致;(2)4年的N添加并未改变凋落枝的C/N、N/P,但显著降低了凋落枝的木质素/N(第3年)、C/P(第1年和第4年)和C/N/P(第1年);(3)随着N添加浓度的增加,凋落枝C、N、P、木质素和纤维素4年累积归还量呈显著的二次方变化趋势(P<0.05),并在中N处理(50 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))下达到最大。研究认为,N添加对凋落枝化学计量特征的影响具有较大的年际变异,短期、适当的N添加通过增加凋落枝的生物量而并非改变其化学计量特征促进了凋落枝碳和养分的归还。Nitrogen(N)is an important limiting factor affecting net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems.Consequently,increasing N deposition would profoundly affect litter chemical properties and biomass production,which further affect litter nutrient inputs to soil.However,how long-term N addition influence twig litter nutrients and biomass production is poorly understood.This is especially true for the alpine shrublands,which are important component of terrestrial ecosystems.To fill this gap,we examined N effects on the twig litter stoichiometric properties and nutrient return in an alpine shrubland dominated by Sibiraea angustata of western Sichuan Plateau,China.This shrubland received four levels of N input(N_(0),control;N_(2)0,20;N_(50),50;N_(100),100 kg hm^(-2)a^(-1))during four growing seasons from 2012 to 2015.Our results showed that N addition did not significantly affect total C and N concentrations in the twig litter(P>0.05),but did significantly affect total P,lignin,and cellulose concentrations(P<0.05).The ratios of C/N and N/P did not change significantly after N addition,while the ratios of lignin/N,C/P and C/N/P significantly decreased in the third,first and fourth,and first year of N addition,respectively.Cumulative production of the twig litter biomass,C,N,P,lignin and cellulose(g m^(-2)a^(-1))from 2012 to 2015 showed a significant quadratic response to increasing N(P<0.05),with the largest value observed for N_(50)treatment.Our results indicated that the effects of N on the twig litter stoichiometric properties showed a largely annual variation,and appropriate N input promoted carbon and nutrients return to soil by increasing twig litter biomass rather than altering litter chemistry.

关 键 词：凋落物生物量 碳氮磷 木质素 氮沉降 窄叶鲜卑花 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]