基于加快畅通国家高等级航道要求的通航建筑物适应性评价  

Adaptability evaluation of navigable structures based on construction of national high-grade waterway system

作　　者：孙鹏[1,2] 简艳春 刘展铄 左天立 SUN Peng;JIAN Yanchun;LIU Zhanshuo;ZUO Tianli(Transport Planning and Research Institute,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100028,China;Laboratory for Traffic&Transport Planning Digitalization,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部规划研究院,北京100028 [2]综合交通规划数字化实验室,北京100028

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第4期9-13,50,共6页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20ZDA086);交通运输部战略规划与政策研究项目(2022-22-02)。

摘　　要：从畅通国家高等级航道的要求出发,系统梳理了通航建筑物的建设现状特点,提出以通行1000吨级及以上船舶枢纽比率、通过能力平均利用率为主要指标,以梯级枢纽年通航率、复线通航率等为参考指标,结合其他定性视角,分别评价我国主要干流、支流和长三角国家高等级航道通航建筑物现状适应性。结果表明:目前国家高等级航道通航建筑物通达情况得到了较大改善,但仍存在建设滞后、干流船闸通过能力不足、支流船闸通航标准偏低、服务水平总体不高的问题。建议“十四五”要加快建设步伐,保障国家高等级航道通行能力、服务水平和可靠性,原则上各梯级枢纽应按1000吨级及以上标准预留复线通航建筑物。Based on the requirements of building a national high-grade waterway system,the characteristics of the current situation of China navigation structures are systematically sorted out.To evaluate the adaptability of the current situation of national high-grade waterway navigation structures in China main trunk streams,tributaries and the Yangtze River Delta,this paper proposes to take the proportion of hydro-junctions which can pass ships of more than 1,000-ton and the average utilization rate of passing capacity of navigation structures as the main indicators,and take the average annual navigation hours,the proportion of double-track navigation structures,and average waiting time of ships as reference indicators.The analysis shows that navigable structures of the national high-grade waterways have been greatly improved,but there are still problems such as lagging construction,insufficient capacity of main stream locks,low navigation grades of tributary locks,and generally low service levels.It is recommended to speed up the pace of construction in 14 th Five-Year Plan,and in the long run,in order to ensure the capacity,service level and reliability of the national high-grade waterways,in principle,each hydro-junctions should reserve double-track navigation structures according to the standard of 1,000-ton and above.

关 键 词：水路运输 适应性评价 国家高等级航道 通航建筑物 通过能力 

分 类 号：U641[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]