盐水入侵与干湿交替共同作用下船闸金属结构腐蚀特征研究  

Corrosion characteristics of metal structure for ship lock undersaltwater intrusion and drying-wetting alternation

作　　者：刘明维[1] 杜波 吴林键[1] 张洪[1] 刘永明 LIU Mingwei;DU Bo;WU Linjian;ZHANG Hong;LIU Yongming(Key Laboratory of Hydraulic&Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education,National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学,国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,水利水运工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第4期96-103,共8页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：重庆市英才计划项目(cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0053);水利水运工程教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SLK2021B13);重庆市教育委员会“成渝地区双城经济圈建设”科技创新项目(KJCX2020030);长江重庆航道工程局委托项目(cqjt-2021-204)。

摘　　要：河口船闸金属结构服役于盐水上溯入侵及船闸在运行过程中由于频繁灌泄水而产生的高频干湿交替腐蚀环境,船闸金属结构(闸阀门、系船设施等)在该特殊环境下的腐蚀特征尚未知。通过开展盐水高频干湿交替下钢试样腐蚀试验,分析不同氯盐浓度、干湿制度下钢试样腐蚀形貌、腐蚀速率的变化规律。在此基础上,开展聚氨酯、环氧煤沥青、氯化橡胶防腐涂料在该特殊腐蚀环境下的适应性研究。结果表明:盐水高频干湿交替作用会显著加速钢材的腐蚀速率,其加速程度随干燥时间的增大有所减小;碳钢在盐水高频干湿交替环境中的腐蚀速率为淡水环境的5.0~6.0倍,为海洋潮汐环境的1.5~2.0倍。根据各类防腐涂料在上述特殊腐蚀环境下的宏观形貌及附着力指标实测值,结合技术经济分析,建议采用氯化橡胶类涂料作为河口船闸金属结构的防腐材料。The metal structure of estuarine ship locks is used to resist upstream saltwater intrusion and the corrosive high-frequency drying-wetting alternating environment caused by frequent water filling and emptying during the operation of ship locks.The corrosion characteristics of the metal structure(gate valve,mooring facilities,etc.)in this special environment,however,are unknown.Therefore,this paper conducts corrosion tests of steel samples under high-frequency drying-wetting alternation of saltwater and analyzes the change rules of corrosion morphologies and corrosion rates of steel samples under different concentrations of chlorine salt and different drying and wetting regimes.On this basis,it investigates the adaptability of the anti-corrosive coatings of polyurethane,epoxy coal tar pitch,and chlorinated rubber in this special corrosive environment.The results show that the high-frequency wetting-drying alternation of saltwater can considerably accelerate the corrosion rate of steel,and the acceleration degree decreases with the increase in drying time.The corrosion rate of carbon steel in the high-frequency drying-wetting alternating environment of saltwater is about 5.0 to 6.0 times that in a freshwater environment and 1.5 to 2.0 times that in an ocean tidal environment.According to the measured macro-morphology and adhesion of various anti-corrosive coatings in the above special corrosive environment and the technical and economic analysis,it is suggested that chlorinated rubber coatings should be used as anti-corrosive materials for the metal structure of estuarine ship locks.

关 键 词：盐水入侵 高频干湿交替 腐蚀速率 

分 类 号：U641[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]