外出务工对农户减量施用农药影响研究——以四川省柑橘种植户为例  

Study on the Influence of Migrant Work on Reducing Pesticide Used by Farmers-Taking Citrus Growers in Sichuan Province as an Example

作　　者：王乂尧 何佳欢 刘宇荧 Wang Yiyao;He Jiahuan;Liu Yuying(College of Management,Sichuan A gricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学管理学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《农业展望》2023年第2期96-104,共9页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：省级社会科学基金项目“四川省大学生创新训练计划项目:外出务工对农户绿色生产行为的影响研究——以四川省为例”(202110626099)。

摘　　要：过量施用农药已经威胁到中国农业的发展,同时还造成了严重的环境污染。在此背景下,农药减量施用对于中国农业的绿色发展具有积极作用。小农户作为农业生产的主要参与者,是农药减量施用的直接实施者,在外出务工带来的新特征下,引导农户合理施药对于实现减量施用农药有着重要意义。基于2020年四川省541户柑橘种植户的调查数据,运用OLS回归分析发现务工收入占比对农药减量施用有显著的正向影响,并通过分类回归探究务工收入占比、务工者性别、务工时间、务工距离、务工种类对农药减量施用的异质性影响。根据分析结果,政府和组织应积极帮助、引导农户外出务工,转变农户不愿外出的传统文化观念;针对不同特征的农户和个体采取针对性的激励措施,针对外出务工的遗留问题做好对策,在农业绿色发展和外出务工潮的新背景下,积极推进农药减量施用,推动农业转型。Pesticide over-application has threatened the development of agriculture in China,while also causing serious environmental pollution.In this context,the pesticide reduction application has a positive effect on the green development of China's agriculture.As the main participants in agricultural production,small-scale farmers are the direct implementers of pesticide reduction,under the new characteristics brought about by migrant workers,it is of great significance for the realization of pesticide reduction to guide farmers to apply pesticide reasonably.Using the OLS regression model,it was found that there is a significant positive effect of the ratio of off-farm work income on pesticide reduction application based on survey data from 541 citrus growers in Sichuan province in 2020,and the heterogeneous effects of the ratio of off-farm work income,laborer gender,labor time,labor distance,and labor type on pesticide application were explored by using categorical regression.According the analysis results,the government and organizations should actively help and guide farmers to find employment elsewhere and change the traditional concept that farmers are reluctant to find employment elsewhere.At the same time,targeted incentives for farmers with different characteristics should be adopted,and responded well to the legacy of migrant workers,and under the new background of the green development of agriculture and the tide of migrant workers,the reduction of pesticide application and the transformation of agriculture should be actively promoted.

关 键 词：外出务工 农药减量 可持续农业技术 柑橘种植 多元线性回归分析 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F249.2F326.13