茄子种质遗传多样性及群体结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Eggplant Germplasm Resources

作　　者：黄月琴[1] 廖秋石 陈学军[1] 袁欣捷[1] 雷刚[1] 周坤华[1] 方荣[1] HUANG Yueqin;LIAO Qiushi;CHEN Xuejun;YUAN Xinjie;LEI Gang;ZHOU Kunhua;FANG Rong(Vegetable and Flower Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;No.1 Senior High School of Tanghe,Nanyang He’nan 473400,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,南昌330200 [2]唐河县第一高级中学,河南南阳473400

出　　处：《种子》2023年第2期43-50,共8页Seed

基　　金：江西省蔬菜产业技术体系首席专家兼育种岗位专家项目(JXARS-06);江西省现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXFY 201901)。

摘　　要：利用18个表型性状和50对SSR分子标记对77份茄子材料进行遗传多样性和群体结构分析。表型多样性分析结果表明,18个表型性状均表现出不同程度的多样性,变异系数变幅为11.47%~78.36%、平均33.58%,其中果形指数变异系数最大,为62.3%,茎表茸毛变异系数最小,为8.2%;香农遗传多样性指数为0.20~2.06、平均1.24,其中果形最高,为2.03,茎表茸毛和叶刺最低,为0.20;主成分分析将18个表型性状概括为果形因子、色泽因子、植株高度因子、果实光滑因子、叶片形态因子、茸毛因子等6个因子,累计贡献率为72.208%,其中果实特征占主要成分;利用组内平方欧氏距离法将供试材料聚为四类群,类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ为栽培茄,类群Ⅳ绝大部分为近缘野生茄。50对SSR分子标记引物共扩增出252条带,平均每对标记扩增出5.040条,多态性位点比例(P)为60.057%。利用UPGMA法进行分子聚类,遗传相似系数在0.43~0.94之间,平均值为0.78;在遗传相似系数0.64处,将供试材料划分为6个类群。Structure群体结构分析表明,供试材料被分为6个亚群,其中只有3.89%具有混合来源,绝大部分种质来源单一。表型聚类、UPGMA聚类与Structure群体结构划分的结果相似,均能区分出栽培茄和近缘野生茄,77份茄子种质资源间的类群划分与果实形态和地理来源有一定相关性。The genetic diversity and population structure of 77 eggplant accessions was analyzed by 18 phenotypic traits and 50 SSR markers in this study.Phenotypic diversity analysis showed that 18 traits showed various degree of diversity in all the accessions,the variation coefficient ranged from 11.47% to 78.36% with a mean value of 33.58%,and the maximum and minimum coefficient of variation were the fruit shape index of 62.3% and steam hair of 8.2%,respectively.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.20 to 2.06 with a mean of 1.24,and the highest diversity index was fruit shape with 2.03 and the lowest steam hair and leave prickle with 0.20.Principal component analysis showed that 18 traits could be summarized as 6 factors,including fruit shape factor,color factor,plant height factor,fruit glossiness factor,leave shape factor and hair factor,the six principal components had a cumulative contribution rate of 72.208%,and fruit characteristics accounted for the major component.Square euclidean distance cluster analysis showed that the accessions were classified into 4 groups,and the group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ all were cultivated eggplants,but the group Ⅳ almost were wild relatives of eggplant.50 pairs of SSR primers amplified 252 bands.Each pair of primers amplified 5.040 loci on average,and the average value of polymorphism loci percentage(P) was 60.057%.Molecular UPGMA clustering analysis showed that genetic similarity coefficent ranged from 0.43 to 0.49,with a mean of 0.78 and classified into 6 groups at 0.64.These accessions were also divided into 6 clusters by structure population analysis,most of which were with single genetic component,only 3.89% with mixed pedigree with complicated genetic background.The clustering results obtained from phenotypic traits,UPGMA cluster and structure population dividing were similar,which could be distinguish into the cultivated eggplant and the wild close relatives of eggplant.The clustering results of 77 eggplant accessions had some correlation to the fruit shape and geographic

关 键 词：茄子 表型性状 SSR分子标记 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]