设施条件下矮化栽培的‘曼歇1号’光合荧光特性  

Photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of‘Manxie No.1’under top-cutting planting

作　　者：谢亚丽 徐郡儡 宋华建 郑慧芳 高健 XIE Yali;XU Junlei;SONG Huajian;ZHENG Huifang;GAO Jian(International Center for Bamboo and Rattan,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo&Rattan Science and Technology,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心国家林业和草原局/北京市共建竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第1期186-195,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“竹资源高效培育关键技术研究”(2018YFD0600100)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究勃氏甜龙竹新品种‘曼歇1号’的光合荧光特性,探究引种和截顶矮化栽培对其正常生长发育的影响情况,为我国北方地区就地生产以就地供应鲜笋提供理论依据。【方法】以2年生‘曼歇1号’勃氏甜龙竹的叶片和茎秆为研究对象,利用Li-6800便携式光合测量系统测定叶片光合日变化曲线、光响应曲线和CO 2响应曲线,采用直角双曲线模型拟合得到多个光合生理指标;使用HPEA植物效率分析仪分析茎秆和叶片的荧光特性;采用浸泡法检测叶片和茎秆的光合色素含量;利用Pearson相关性分析法探析净光合速率与光合、荧光、光合色素和环境参数的相关性。【结果】1)‘曼歇1号’的净光合速率日变化曲线呈不对称的双峰型,9:00时出现主峰值;蒸腾速率和气孔导度日变化曲线与净光合速率的变化曲线趋同,均呈双峰型;叶面温度日变化曲线与蒸腾速率和气孔导度的变化趋势相反;蒸腾速率小,有利于水分利用效率的提升;因受气孔限制因素的影响,12:00时出现“午休”现象。2)‘曼歇1号’的最大净光合速率为17.05μmol·m-2·s-1,初始量子效率为0.04;CO 2饱和点和补偿点分别为261.00、59.52μmol·mol-1,表明其利用低浓度CO 2的能力强,而其CO 2同化能力较弱。3)‘曼歇1号’的叶片和茎秆均具有完整的OJIP曲线,茎秆的PSⅡ原初光能转换效率(0.84)高于叶片的(0.77);但是,叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素和总叶绿素含量分别是茎秆的8.25、6.61、7.59与7.79倍,叶片与茎秆间叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素和总叶绿素含量均存在显著性差异。4)‘曼歇1号’的生长受到植物内外多种因素的调控,叶片内部因子(蒸腾速率,气孔导度)和环境因子(光合有效辐射)呈正相关性,且相关性显著(P<0.05);但净光合速率与叶绿素荧光参数(F_(v)/F_(m))、光合色素含量的相关性均不显著。【结论】‘曼歇1号�【Objective】The photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of a new Dendrocalamus brandisii variety‘Manxie No.1’was measured to investigate the effects of introduction and top-cutting cultivation on the normal growth and development of bamboo in order to provide theoretical basis for local production and supply of fresh bamboo shoots in the north of China.【Method】The leaves and culms of 2-year old‘Manxie No.1’were used as research subjects.Li-6800 was used to measure the daily dynamic changes of photosynthesis,light response curve and CO 2 response curve of leaves.Furthermore,photosynthetic physiological indexes were fitted by rectangular hyperbola model.The fluorescence characteristics of culms and leaves were analyzed by HPEA(plant efficiency analyzer).Soaking method was used to detect photosynthetic pigment content in leaves and culms.Pearson correlation analysis was used to verify the correlation between net photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic parameters,fluorescence parameters,photosynthetic pigments and environmental parameters.【Result】1)The daily net photosynthetic dynamic curve of‘Manxie No.1’showed an asymmetric bimodal pattern,with the highest peak at 9:00.The daily dynamics curves of transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were similar to the changes of net photosynthetic rate,which presented a bimodal pattern.The diurnal dynamic curve of leaf temperature was opposite to the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance.The lower transpiration rate,the higher water use efficiency.As a result of the stomatal restriction factors appeared midday depression of photosynthesis at 12:00.2)The maximum net photosynthetic rate was 17.05μmol·m-2·s-1,and the initial quantum efficiency was 0.04.The CO_(2) saturation point and compensation point were 261.00 and 59.52μmol·mol-1,respectively,which indicating that the CO_(2) assimilation ability was weak while the CO_(2) saturation point.3)Leaves and culms had intact OJIP curve,and PSⅡlight energy conversion efficiency of culms(0.84)

关 键 词：勃氏甜龙竹 ‘曼歇1号’ 设施栽培 截顶矮化 光合特性 荧光特性 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S718.43