不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量比较  

Comparative Study on the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Yield of Cotton Bolls at Different Maturity Stages

作　　者：王芳[1] 李春梅 张娜[1] 王家勇 马云珍 李玲 郑苍松 徐文修[1] WANG Fang;LI Chunmei;ZHANG Na;WANG Jiayong;MA Yunzhen;LI Ling;ZHENG Cangsong;XU Wenxiu(Cotton Engineering Research Center,Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Anyang Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第3期532-538,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划)(2020E0216);中国农业科学院科技创新工程。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆南疆地区不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及产量的差异规律,为新疆南疆地区选择适宜熟性品种种植提供理论依据。【方法】于2020年设置中早熟品种(中棉所96A)、中熟品种(塔河2号、新陆中73号),分析不同熟性棉花品种棉铃时空分布及其产量的变化规律。【结果】中熟品种(塔河2号、新陆中73号)的株高、茎粗显著高于中早熟品种(中棉所96A),塔河2号、新陆中73号的株高较中棉所96A分别增加了22.28%、9.84%,茎粗分别增加了25.01%、11.55%,中熟品种的果枝始节高度大于中早熟品种;“三桃”比例中伏前桃表现为塔河2号>新陆中73号>中棉所96A,伏桃为中棉所96A>新陆中73号>塔河2号,秋桃为新陆中73号>塔河2号>中棉所96A;棉铃空间分布上,中棉所96A的棉铃主要分布在中下部内围铃,而塔河2号和新陆中73号则分布在下部、上部内围铃;中熟品种中部外围铃的蕾铃脱落率高于中早熟品种相同部位;中早熟品种的单铃重显著高于中熟品种,中棉所96A的单铃重较塔河2号、新陆中73号分别增重了3.15%、7.73%,中棉所96A与塔河2号的籽棉产量比新陆中73分别提高了3.53%、2.70%。【结论】中早熟品种中棉所96A和中熟品种塔河2号均适宜在新疆南疆地区种植,可获得较高的产量。【Objective】To reveal the differences in the temporal and spatial distribution and yield of cotton bolls of different maturity cotton varieties in southern Xinjiang and provide a theoretical basis for choosing suitable maturity varieties to be planted in that region.【Methods】In 2020,mid-early maturity varieties(Zhongmiansuo 96A)and mid-maturity varieties(Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong73)were set to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of cotton bolls of different maturity cotton varieties and their yield changes.【Result】The plant height and stem diameter of middle-maturing varieties(Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong73)were significantly higher than those of middle-early maturity varieties(Zhongmiansuo96A).Compared with Zhongmiansuo 96A,the plant height of Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong 73 increased by 22.28%and 9.84%,and the stem diameter increased by 25.01%and 11.55%,respectively.In addition,first fruit branch height of the middle-maturing variety was greater than that of the middle-early maturing variety;From the perspective of the time distribution of cotton bolls,the boll ratio of cotton cultivars in premid-summer bolls were Tahe 2>Xinluzhong 73>Zhongmiansuo 96A,mid-summer bolls were Zhongmiansuo 96 A>Xinluzhong 73>Tahe 2,autumn bolls were Xinluzhong 73>Tahe 2>Zhongmiansuo 96 A;In terms of the spatial distribution of cotton bolls,the cotton bolls of Zhongmiansuo 96A were mainly distributed in the under and middle partinner bells,while Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong 73 were distributed in the under and upper part inner bells;From the spatial shedding rate of buds and bells,it can be seen that the shedding rate of buds and bolls in the middle and peripheral bolls of middle-mature varieties was higher than that of the same parts of early-mature varieties;In terms of yield composition,the single boll weight of early-maturing varieties was significantly higher than that of middle-maturing varieties.The single boll weight of Zhongmiansuo 96A increased by 3.15%and 7.73%compared with Tahe 2 and Xinluzhong 73,respectively.The seed cotton yiel

关 键 词：棉花 熟性 品种 棉铃时空分布 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]