一次飞机积冰过程云微物理特征分析  

Analysis of Cloud Microphysical Characteristics of an Aircraft Icing Accretion

作　　者：彭冲[1,2,3] 宋灿 PENG Chong;SONG Can(Weather Modification Center of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique CMA,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省人工影响天气中心,郑州450003 [2]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京100081 [3]中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,郑州450003

出　　处：《西安航空学院学报》2023年第1期34-40,共7页Journal of Xi’an Aeronautical Institute

基　　金：中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室项目(2017Z016);中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室应用技术研究项目(KQ202223,KM202220,KQ202022)。

摘　　要：飞机积冰是影响飞机稳定性的重要因素,严重时甚至会导致飞行安全事故。本研究选取2018年1月24日河南省观测到飞机积冰的一次天气过程,分析了此次飞机积冰过程的云微物理特征,并结合天气雷达观测和葵花8卫星反演云参数,分析了积冰区域的雷达回波以及卫星云参数特征。结果表明:本次探测云系为层状云系,平均有效粒子直径小于15μm,平均液水含量低于0.1 g·m^(-3);积冰区域云中存在球形液滴,同时也存在着尺度较大的片状冰晶和辐枝状冰晶,云系性质为冰水共存的混合相态云;云中液水含量随中值体积直径增大而增大,函数Y=32.78 X 0.29可以较好地描述液水含量与中值体积直径的关系;积冰区域整体回波强度较弱,飞机积冰高度的雷达反射率为5~10 dBZ;云系光学厚度较大,有效粒子半径较小,平均云顶高度6~7 km,云顶温度约-17℃。研究结果为提高飞机积冰监测能力,建立适用于我国的飞行适航标准提供了参考。Aircraft icing accretion is an important factor affecting the stability of the aircraft,and even leads to plane crash in severe cases.An aircraft icing process observed in Henan Province on January 24,2018 is selected and the cloud microphysical characteristics of stratiform clouds during this icing accretion are analyzed.Combined with weather radar observations and the cloud parameters retrieved by Himawari-8,the characteristics of radar echoes and satellite cloud parameters where the ice accretion occurred are analyzed.Results show that the cloud detected is stratiform.The average effective particle radius of the cloud is less than 15μm,and the average liquid water content is less than 0.1g·m^(-3).There are spherical droplets along with large-scale ice crystals in shape of plate and dendrite in the icing area of the cloud.The cloud is mixed-phase cloud in which ice and water particles coexist.The liquid water content increases with the increase of the median volume diameter.Y=32.78X 0.29 can describe the relationship between the liquid water content and the median volume diameter well.The radar echo is weak in the icing area,and radar reflectivity at the icing height is around 5~10 dBZ.The cloud system has a large optical thickness and a small effective particle radius.The average cloud top height is 6~7 km,and the cloud top temperature is about-17℃.The research results provide a reference for improving the ice accretion monitoring ability of aircraft and establishing the airworthiness standard suitable for our country.

关 键 词：飞机积冰 云微物理特征 卫星云参数 机载观测 

分 类 号：V328[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V321.229