钩吻中毒的应急检验方法研究及思考  

Research and reflections on emergency inspection of Gelsemium poisoning events

作　　者：刘潇潇[1] 张万青 黎尼平 黄国凯[1] 苏章轩 王磊[2] 吴群悦 LIU Xiaoxiao;ZHANG Wanqing;LI Niping;HUANG Guokai;SU Zhangxuan;WANG Lei;WU Qunyue(Guangdong Institute for Drug Control,Guangzhou 510663,China;College of Pharmacy,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省药品检验所,广东广州510663 [2]暨南大学药学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《药学研究》2023年第3期165-169,共5页Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.81573307)。

摘　　要：目的探讨钩吻中毒的应急检验方法。方法选取导致2022年3月广东普宁市鸡矢藤煲汤中毒事件的涉案样品为研究对象,采用性状、显微、薄层色谱和液相色谱-质谱鉴别等检验方法鉴定致毒中草药。结果样品外皮具深纵沟及横裂隙,截面具放射状纹理,含有石细胞和草酸钙簇晶,提示其为钩吻。涉案样品与钩吻对照药材及钩吻素子、钩吻素甲对照品在薄层色谱相应位置显相同颜色的斑点,并在液相色谱-质谱中检测到涉案样品含有钩吻素子和钩吻素甲。讨论本次中毒事件是由于误食混入鸡矢藤药材的钩吻而导致。基于长期从事有毒中草药中毒应急检验的经验,总结钩吻等有毒中草药中毒应急检验的常用方法,对有毒中草药监管和应急检验工作提出思考与建议,加强精准识别和快速筛查方法的研究等,为误用有毒中草药中毒应急检验提供参考,以期进一步避免钩吻等剧毒中草药中毒事件的发生。Objective To explore the emergency inspection of Gelsemium poisoning events.Methods Samples causing poisoning incident in Puning city,Guangdong Province in March,2022 were selected as the research objects,and the identification of toxic Chinese herbal medicines were performed by characteristics,microscopic,thin layer chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identification methods.Results With deep longitudinal grooves and transverse fissures in outer skin,the samples had radial textures in the cross section,and contained stone cells as well as calcium oxalate clusters,indicating that it may be Gelsemium elegans.The samples showed the same spots as the reference medicinal material G.elegans and authentic standards,koumine and gelsemine,at the corresponding positions in thin layer chromatography.Furthermore,the above Gelsemium alkaloids(koumine and gelsemine)were also detected in the samples by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Conclusion This poisoning incident was caused by mis-eating of toxic Chinese herbal medicine G.elegans.Our group had been engaged in the emergency inspection of toxic Chinese herbal medicines for a long time and accumulated rich experience.This paper summarized the common methods for emergency test of herbal poisoning,and presented reflections and methodological proposals for regulatory and emergency inspection of poisonous Chinese herbal medicines,strengthening research on methods for accurate recognition and rapid screening.Our work intended to provide references for emergency inspection of poisoning by misusing of toxic Chinese herbal medicines and avoid such events to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：钩吻 应急检验 误食误用 精准识别 快速筛查 

分 类 号：R927.1[医药卫生—药学]