大豆扩种计划下黑龙江省大豆生产特点、技术需求及生产建议  

Characteristics, Technology Requirements and Production Suggestions of Soybean Production in Heilongjiang Province under the Soybean Expansion Plan

作　　者：韩晓增[1] 邹文秀[1] 张谦[2] 崔贵军[3] 才卓伟[4] 孙义春[5] 刘月辉 Han Xiaozeng;Zou Wenxiu;Zhang Qian;Cui Guijun;Cai Zhuowei;Sun Yichun;Liu Yuehui(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081,China;Bayan County Agricultural Technology Popularization Center,Bayan 151800,Heilongjiang,China;Suiling County Agricultural Technology Popularization Center,Suiling 152200,Heilongjiang,China;Hailun Agricultural Technology Popularization Center,Hailun 152300,Heilongjiang,China;Beian Agricultural Technology Popularization Center,Beian 164000,Heilongjiang,China;Nenjiang Agricultural Technology Popularization Center,Nenjiang 161400,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨150081 [2]巴彦县农业技术推广中心,黑龙江巴彦151800 [3]绥棱县农业技术推广中心,黑龙江绥棱152200 [4]海伦市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江海伦152300 [5]北安市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江北安164000 [6]嫩江市农业技术推广中心,黑龙江嫩江161400

出　　处：《大豆科技》2023年第2期1-5,20,共6页Soybean Science & Technology

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-04)。

摘　　要：为全面掌握大豆扩种计划下黑龙江省大豆生产特点和技术需求,文章以黑龙江省巴彦县、绥棱县、海伦市、北安市和嫩江市5个典型县(市)为研究对象,通过对比系统分析大豆扩种计划实施后典型县(市)大豆种植面积、产量变化及驱动因素,对当前大豆生产中存在问题及技术需求进行总结,提出大豆生产发展建议。结果表明,政策引导和补给激励是扩大大豆种植面积的重要因素,良种、良法、良田综合配套在大豆单产提高上发挥重要作用。大豆生产中存在品种繁多、优质不优价、生产成本与价格矛盾、技术到位率不高、农田基础设施薄弱和新技术宣传推广普及度不高等问题;大豆扩种计划实施过程中需加强特异性、抗逆性品种培育及高产高效栽培模式推广,推进土地规模流转、提高整地质量、改善土壤环境,争取政策扶持、强化特色品牌宣传、提高农民种豆积极性,在大豆扩面同时提升大豆单产,助力黑龙江省大豆产业振兴。In order to comprehensively grasp the characteristics and technology requirements of soybean production in Heilongjiang Province under the soybean expansion plan,the article took five typical counties(cities)in Heilongjiang Province,such as Bayan County,Suiling County,Hailun City,Beian City and Nenjiang City as research object,and systematically analyzed the changes in soybean planting area and yield in typical counties(cities)after the implementation of the soybean expansion plan and the driving factors,and summarized the existing problems and technology requirements in current soybean production,put forward production suggestions for soybean development.The results showed that policy guidance and supply incentives were important factors to expand the soybean planting area,and the comprehensive matching of improved varieties,methods and fields played an important role in the improvement of soybean yield per unit area.There were many problems in soybean production,such as variety,high quality and low price,contradiction between production cost and price,low technology availability,weak farmland infrastructure and low popularization of new technology promotion.During the implementation of the soybean expansion plan,it was necessary to strengthen the cultivation of specific and resistant varieties and the promotion of high-yield and efficient cultivation mode of soybean,promote the transfer of land scale,improve the quality of land preparation,improve the soil environment,strive for policy support,strengthen characteristic brand promotion,increase farmers'enthusiasm for planting soybean,increase the yield of soybean while expanding the area of soybean,and help the revitalization of the soybean industry in Heilongjiang Province.

关 键 词：大豆生产特点 大豆扩种计划 黑龙江省 技术需求 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]