小井眼钻井技术在页岩气井的实践与认识  

Practice and Understanding of Slim Hole Drilling Technology in Shale Gas Well

作　　者：龙志平 陈士奎 曹建山 丁锦鹤 Long Zhiping;Chen Shikui;Cao Jianshan;Ding Jinhe(Sinopec Chongqing Shale Gas Co.,Ltd.;Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute,Sinopec East China Oil&Gas Company)

机构地区：[1]中石化重庆页岩气有限公司 [2]中石化华东油气分公司石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第4期30-38,共9页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：中国石油化工集团有限公司科研项目“南川工区页岩气钻井提速提效技术研究”(HDF/KJ2020-05);“页岩气井身结构优化研究”(YTBXD-SYGC-202-1-002-HD)。

摘　　要：随着南川页岩气田的持续开发,井位部署逐步向地质构造复杂区拓展,钻井难度及降本压力也在逐渐增大。以JY20XHF井为例,该井前期由于二开钻遇志留系小河坝组裂缝发育地层,与目的层龙马溪组处于同一裸眼井段,存在“上漏下垮”现象。为实现该井高效完井,应用尾管封隔上部易漏层,采用ø152.4 mm(6 in)小井眼钻进目的层。而小井眼钻井存在环空间隙小、井下压力波动大、井眼携砂困难、定向工具面不稳及固井难度大等施工难题,为此开展了小井眼水力参数、轨道设计、高效钻头、钻具组合、防漏堵漏、固井工艺等相关技术的优化与实践。现场应用表明,JY20XHF井ø152.4 mm(6 in)小井眼造斜段和水平段施工周期较设计周期节约24.1%,目的层钻遇率达到95%。JY20XHF井小井眼钻井的成功实施,为渝东南常压页岩气水平井小井眼钻井积累了宝贵的经验,同时对后期该地区页岩气水平井井身结构瘦身优化提出了2套方案,可进一步开展工具优选与参数工作,以实现提速降本的目标。With the continuous development of Nanchuan shale gas field,the well placement is gradually expanding to the complex geological structure area,and the drilling difficulty and cost reduction pressure are also gradually increasing.Taking Well JY20XHF as an example,a phenomenon of“upper leakage and lower collapse”was observed in the well,which encountered in the second spud-in the Silurian Xiaoheba Formation with fractures that is in the same open hole section as the target layer Longmaxi Formation.In order to achieve efficient completion of the well,the liner was used to seal the upper leaky layer,and theø152.4 mm(6 in)slim hole was used to drill the target layer.However,there were some operational problems in slim hole drilling,such as small annular clearance,large downhole pressure fluctuation,difficult sand carrying of wellbore,unstable orienting tool surface and difficult cementing,so the optimization and practice of related technologies such as slim hole hydraulic parameters,trajectory design,efficient bit,bottomhole assembly,lost circulation resistance and plugging,and cementing technology were carried out.Field application shows that the operational period of kick off section and horizontal section of theø152.4 mm(6 in)slim hole in Well JY20XHF is 24.1%less than the planned period,and the penetration rate of target layer reaches 95%.The successful drilling of slim hole in Well JY20XHF has accumulated valuable experiences in slim hole drilling of shale gas horizontal wells in southeastern Chongqing City.Simultaneously,two sets of schemes for slimming optimization of shale gas horizontal well structure in this area in the later stage were put forward,and tool and parameter optimization can be further carried out to achieve the target of increasing speed and reducing cost.

关 键 词：页岩气井 水平井 小井眼钻井 井身结构 钻具组合 堵漏 提速提效 

分 类 号：TE246[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]