舟山群岛东侧海域春秋季虾类生态位特征及其种间关系研究  

Niche and interspecies association of shrimps in spring and autumn in the east area of Zhoushan Islands

作　　者：江新琴 牛威震 郑基 许永久 张佩怡 刘坤 于南京 俞存根 JIANG Xinqin;NIU Weizhen;ZHENG Ji;XU Yongjiu;ZHANG Peiyi;LIU Kun;YU Nanjing;YU Cungen(College of Fisheries,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan Zhejiang316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2023年第2期202-213,共12页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270527)。

摘　　要：为了解舟山海域主要虾类对生境资源的竞争能力和利用状况,根据2018年4月(春季)和10月(秋季)在舟山群岛东侧海域进行的渔业资源底拖网调查所获得的虾类数据,运用聚类分析、Pearson相关检验、Spearman秩相关检验、Ochiai指数、Dice指数等测度方法分析主要虾类间的生态位及种间关系。结果表明:本次调查共获得虾类32种,隶属于10科21属,优势种为须赤虾(Metapenaeopsis barbata)、戴氏赤虾(Metapenaeopsis dalei)、哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)和中华管鞭虾(Solenocera crassicornis)4种;采用19种主要虾类数据计算得出生态位宽度值占据前3位的是中华管鞭虾、细巧仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis tenella)、哈氏仿对虾;通过生态位宽度聚类分析,可将主要虾类分为3组,分别为广生态位种、中生态位种和狭生态位种;主要虾类种对间生态位重叠值范围为0~0.99,呈现较大差异,表明物种对资源利用的相似程度存在差异;方差比率和Spearman秩相关检验表明,主要虾类总体呈显著正关联;Ochiai指数和Dice指数大于0.5的种对数均超过50%,表明种间联结性较强。研究结果可为舟山海域虾类资源的可持续利用提供科学参考。In order to understand the competitiveness and utilization status of major shrimps for habitat resources in Zhoushan sea area,this study analyzed shrimp data obtained from the bottom trawl survey of fishery resources conducted in April(spring)and October(autumn)2018 in waters east of Zhoushan Islands.Niche width,niche overlap,cluster analysis,Pearson correlation test,Spearman rank correlation test,Ochiai index,Dice index and other measures were used to analyze the niche and interspecies relationship among major shrimp species.In this survey,shrimp species occurring in both two voyages were defined as major shrimp species.Pinkas index relative importance(IRI)was used to determine dominant species of major shrimps.Shrimps with IRI≥1000 were defined as dominant species,and IRI<100<1000 were defined as important species.The results showed that:A total of 32 shrimp species were captured and identified,belonging to 21 genera and 10 families.The dominant species were Metapenaeopsis Barbata,Metapenaeopsis Dalei,Parapenaeopsis hardwickii and Solenocera crassicornis and their IRI were 2547.26,2835.16,4507.25 and 1753.93,respectively.A total of 19 shrimp species were found in both voyages.The top 3 shrimp species were Penaeus chinensis,Parapenaeopsis tenella and Penaeus harteni,with niche widths of 2.41,2.38 and 2.25,respectively.Aegaeon rathbuni had the lowest niche width,which was 0.53.According to niche width cluster analysis,the main shrimp species could be divided into 3 groups:wide niche species(niche width value was between 2.00 and 2.50),middle niche species(niche width value between 1.00 and 2.00)and narrow niche species(niche width value less than 1.00).The similarity test was carried out by results of the cluster analysis.The results showed that R=0.943,P=0.001<1%,indicating that the grouping results were reasonable.Main shrimp species niche overlap value ranged from 0 to 0.99,11 shrimps with overlap value of 0,6 higher than 0.90,The highest overlap value was 0.99,and the niche overlap value between Aegaeon rat

关 键 词：虾类 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 种间联结 舟山群岛东侧海域 

分 类 号：S932.51[农业科学—渔业资源]