基于DLCA的家用空调器碳排放研究  

Research on Carbon Emission of Household Air Conditioners Based on DLCA

作　　者：崔志恒 杨昌智[1] Cui Zhiheng;Yang Changzhi(College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha,410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《制冷学报》2023年第2期61-67,136,共8页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51578221)资助项目;湖南省新型城镇化建设引导资金项目(KY2016068)资助。

摘　　要：本文在寿命周期评价方法的基础上,构建并引入了空调能效比和电力结构随运行年数变化的关系,进而建立基于DLCA的空调设备碳排放计算模型,对充注R410A型制冷剂的涡旋式家用空调器进行了碳排放研究。结果表明:运行期间动态参数的引入对空调寿命周期碳排放评价结果影响显著,对比静态评价模型,能效比和电力结构的变化可分别使碳排放总量波动19.0%和-9.1%,空调运行末年碳排放分别为第一年的1.71和0.80倍。空调寿命周期碳排放主要集中在运行阶段,占到总量的91.8%,寿命周期碳排放总量中有75.0%来自于设备运行耗电,23.0%来自于制冷剂泄漏。空调温度设定值、制冷剂泄漏率和制冷剂GWP等参数对空调寿命周期碳排放影响显著。研究有助于暖通空调领域碳排放评价模型的进一步优化。In this study,we utilize the life cycle assessment method to examine the relationship between the change in the energy efficiency ratio of air conditioners and the energy structure over the course of its operational years.We then develop a carbon emission model for air conditioners based on the dynamic life cycle assessment(DLCA).The carbon emissions of scroll-compressor-based household air conditioners filled with R410A refrigerant are studied.The results show that the introduction of dynamic parameters during operation has a significant impact on the life cycle carbon emissions.Unlike in the static assessment model,the changes in the energy efficiency ratio and energy structure can cause the total carbon emissions to fluctuate by 19.0%and-9.1%,respectively.The annual carbon emissions at the end of the air conditioning service life of the dynamic and static assessment models are 1.71 and 0.80 times the initial annual carbon emissions,respectively.The life cycle carbon emissions of air conditioners are mainly produced during the operation stage,accounting for 91.8%of the total emissions;75.0%of the total carbon emissions in the life cycle is caused by the power consumption of equipment operation and 23.0%is from refrigerant leakage.Parameters such as the indoor temperature setpoint,refrigerant leakage rate,and refrigerant GWP have a significant impact on carbon emissions during the life cycle of an air conditioner.This study will contribute to the further optimization of carbon emission evaluation models in the HVAC field.

关 键 词：空调器 碳排放 寿命周期评价 制冷剂 能效比 

分 类 号：TU831.3[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TM925.1[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]