疫苗冷藏车热性能影响因素实测研究  

Experimental Study on the Factors Influencing the Thermal Performance of Vaccine Refrigeration Vehicles

作　　者：赵娟 张忠斌[1] 陈萌 甘强 巩莉 宋平 邓青青 Zhao Juan;Zhang Zhongbin;Chen Meng;Gan Qiang;Gong Li;Song Ping;Deng Qingqing(School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学能源与机械工程学院,南京210046

出　　处：《制冷学报》2023年第2期127-136,共10页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX21_1380);江苏省研究生科研创新计划(KYCX21_1395)资助;江苏省研究生实践创新计划(SJCX21_0571)。

摘　　要：为研究2~8℃疫苗冷藏车内部温度场情况并优化性能,本文以3.9 m^(3)的疫苗冷藏车为研究对象,在压缩机转速为1800 r/min的条件下,分别对太阳辐射强度、风道结构、制冷机组开关及有无门帘4个车厢热性能影响因素进行实测研究,结合评价指标对测量时间段内温度场的均匀性、温度变化速率进行系统分析。结果表明:疫苗冷藏车分别位于平均太阳辐射强度为295.94、82.78 W/m^(2)条件下2 h后,前者车厢内平均温度比后者高1.326℃,且制冷机组启停频率加快,能耗增大;设置风道结构可以减少车厢内局部热点,且预冷时降温速率增快0.006℃/s;打开车门120 s时间内保持制冷机组开启会加强车内气流与环境换热,对车厢温度场扰动较大,因此建议车厢门与制冷机组联动开关;车厢设置门帘可以有效阻止车厢冷空气与环境进行热量交换,有效维持车厢低温。To investigate the temperature distribution and optimize the thermal performance of a vehicle carriage for transporting refrigerated vaccines,a 3.9 m^(3)vehicle carriage working within the temperature range of 2-8℃is examined in this study.Four factors,namely,solar radiation intensity,air duct structure,refrigeration unit switch,and door curtain,which influence the thermal performance,are experimentally studied at a compressor speed of 1800 r/min.The uniformity of the temperature distribution and the temperature change rate during the measurement period are comprehensively analyzed.The results show that when the vaccine refrigeration vehicle is maintained under an average solar radiation intensity of 295.94 W/m^(2)and 82.78 W/m^(2)for two hours,the average temperature in the carriage under the former condition is 1.326℃higher than that under the latter.The on-off frequencies of the refrigeration units increase,and the energy consumption of the vehicle increases.The application of the air duct structure can help reduce the local hot spots in the carriage,and the rate of pre-cooling increases by 0.006℃/s.Moreover,when the carriage door is opened for 120 s,continuous operation of the refrigeration unit enhances the airflow heat exchange between the inside and outside of the carriage,which noticeably disturbs the temperature distribution in the vehicle.Therefore,closing the refrigerating unit is recommended when the vehicle door is opened.The curtain can effectively prevent cold air from exchanging heat with the environment and maintain the low temperature of the carriage.

关 键 词：冷藏车 疫苗 热性能 温度场 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] U469.66[机械工程—车辆工程]